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Effect of dietary fat on rat liver microsomal and mitochondrial/lysosomal dolichol, phospholipid and cholesterol

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Lipids

Abstract

The influence of different fat diets on liver phospholipid, cholesterol and dolichol was studied. Rats were separated into four groups and fed standard laboratory chow (control), a diet containing linolenic acid, a coconut oil diet, or a corn oil-containing diet. After five weeks, microsomes and mitochondrial/lysosomal fractions were prepared from the liver, and lipid compositions were analyzed. No changes in phospholipid content were observed. In control animals, the fatty acid compositions of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in the two subfractions were similar. However, these two phospholipids showed different fatty acid patterns, which were altered independently upon dietary treatment. The dietary treatments resulted, in most cases, in decreased cholesterol and dolichol contents and, especially in microsomes, in a decreased level of esterification of both lipids. The fatty acid compositions of cholesteryl esters in the two subfractions showed significant differences and cholesterol was esterified to a large extent with linolenic acid when this fatty acid was supplied in the diet. The same dietary treatment exerted different effects on the cholesterol localized in the two different intracellular compartments. This difference was most pronounced in rats fed the corn oil-containing diet; microsomal cholesteryl esters exhibited increased saturation, whereas cholesteryl esters in the mitochondrial/lysosomal fraction displayed decreased saturation. Dolichyl esters in the two cellular compartments had different fatty acyl compositions, with a considerably higher degree of saturation in microsomes. The various diets influenced the nature of the fatty acid moieties present in the isolated fractions and the effects on the two subfractions were opposite. The diet containing linolenic acid decreased the degree of saturation in microsomal dolichyl esters and increased the degree of saturation in the mitochondrial/lysosomal fraction. The results demonstrate that the fatty acid compositions of both dolichyl and cholesteryl esters display organelle specificity. Both the content of these lipids and their fatty acid compositions are greatly influenced by dietary conditions, and the esterification processes at different cellular locations exhibit independent regulation, regardless of the fatty acid content of the diet.

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Abbreviations

CM:

chloroform/methanol

CMW:

chloroform/methanol/water

FA:

fatty acid

FFA:

free fatty acid

GC:

gas chromatography

HDL:

high-density lipoprotein

HPLC:

high-performance liquid chromatography

LDL:

low-density lipoprotein

PC:

phosphatidylcholine

PE:

phosphatidylethanolamine

TLC:

thinlayer chromatography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, University of Stockholm, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

    Åsa Jakobsson-Borin & Gustav Dallner

  2. Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, S-581 85, Linköping, Sweden

    Örjan Tollbom

  3. Division for Basic Research in Dementia, Clinical Research Center at Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 86, Huddinge, Sweden

    Gustav Dallner

Authors
  1. Åsa Jakobsson-Borin
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  2. Örjan Tollbom
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  3. Gustav Dallner
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Jakobsson-Borin, Å., Tollbom, Ö. & Dallner, G. Effect of dietary fat on rat liver microsomal and mitochondrial/lysosomal dolichol, phospholipid and cholesterol. Lipids 26, 915–921 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535977

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535977

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