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Comparison of fatty acid and triacylglycerol metabolism of macrophages and smooth muscle cells

  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

The response of macrophages and smooth muscle cells to culture in free fatty acid has been compared. Because oleate and linoleate promoted triacylglycerol enrichment of smooth muscle cells, whereas palmitate had little effect, oleate was used for these studies. The kinetics of the accumulation of triacylglycerol produced by oleate was comparable between smooth muscle cells and macrophages. When grown in increasing concentrations of oleic acid at various fatty acid to albumin molar ratios, the extent of triacylglycerol accumulation in both cell types was dependent on the concentration of oleate, the concentration of albumin, and the oleate to albumin molar ratio. However, macrophages contained 2.6-fold more triacylglycerol than smooth muscle cells in the presence of oleate at 0.36 mM or greater and at levels of albumin higher than 0.15 mM. The cellular triacylglycerol content of macrophages was linearly related to the oleate to albumin molar ratio at both a constant albumin concentration and a constant oleate concentration, whereas the accumulation of triacylglycerol in smooth muscle cells showed a curvilinear relationship. When cells were preloaded with triacylglycerols, smooth muscle cells showed a greater loss of lipid when exposed to albumin than macrophages did. Over a two-hr time period, macrophages incorporated twice as much labeled fatty acid as smooth muscle cells. Thus, while smooth muscle cells and macrophages showed similar responses to exogenous fatty acid and albumin, there were also significant quantitative distinctions.

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Abbreviations

BME:

Basal Medium of Eagle

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

B-VLDL:

beta-migrating very low density lipoprotein

CE:

cholesteryl ester

DMEM:

Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium

FA:

fatty acid

FFA:

free fatty acid

J774:

macrophages

LDL:

low density lipoproteins

PBS:

phosphate-buffered saline

PL:

phospholipid

SMC:

smooth muscle cells

TG:

triacylglycerol

VLDL:

very low density lipoproteins

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL

    Lynn M. Bergstraesser

  2. Specialized Center of Research in Atherosclerosis, University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL

    Lynn M. Bergstraesser

  3. Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, G-4 37th and Hamilton Walk, 19104, Philadelphia, PA

    Sandra R. Bates

Authors
  1. Lynn M. Bergstraesser
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  2. Sandra R. Bates
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Bergstraesser, L.M., Bates, S.R. Comparison of fatty acid and triacylglycerol metabolism of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Lipids 23, 641–646 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535660

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535660

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