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Effect of host sterols on the sterol composition and virulence of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus ofHeliothis zea

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Lipids

Abstract

The type of sterol in the diet ofHeliothis zea affected not only the sterol composition of the insect larva but also the virulence and/or sterol composition of a single-nucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HzSNPV). This baculovirus, which was purified by differential and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, had a sterol content of 40 ng per 106 polyhedra. When the sterol composition of HzSNPV was characterized by gas liquid chromatography, reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and/or ultraviolet spectroscopy, the sterols in the virus were similar to those of the host. The HzSNPV isolated from larvae fed Δ5_, Δ0_ or Δ5,7-sterols contained primarily cholesterol, cholestanol or 7-dehydrocholesterol, respectively. Changes in the sterol composition of HzSNPV affected its LD50, but not LT50, in larvae containing Δ5-sterols. The LD50 of virus isolated from larvae containing Δ0_, Δ5_ and Δ7-sterols decreased from 275,423 to 32,359 to 5,012 polyhedra/larva, respectively. The latter virus was also more virulent than the one that was isolated from larvae containing Δ5,7-sterol and had an LD50 of 58,884 polyhedra/larva. In contrast, the LD50 of an HzSNPV (Sandoz, Inc.) containing Δ5-sterol was not affected by the presence of Δ5_, Δ0_ or Δ5,7-sterols in the tissues of the host (1,413; 1,288 and 355 polyhedra/larva, respectively). The results of this study indicate that the sterol composition ofH. zea can affect the sterol composition of HzSNPV and therefore may affect the ability of this biological control agent to control its economically important insect host.

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Abbreviations

αc, k':

k for the test sterol/k′ for cholesterol

TMS:

Si(CH3)4

χ2 :

chi-square

df:

degrees of freedom

EM:

electron microscopy

GLC:

gas liquid chromatography

1H-NMR:

proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry

HzSNPV:

single-nucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus ofH. zea

k′:

(Vt-V0)V0

LD50 :

median lethal dose

LT50 :

median lethal time

MS:

mass spectrometry

NPV:

nuclear polyhedrosis virus

RP-HPLC:

reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography

RRT:

retention time relative to cholesterol

TLC:

thin layer chromatography

UV:

ultraviolet spectroscopy

V0 :

void volume

Vt :

retention volume of the sterol

cholestanol:

5α-cholestan-3β-ol

cholesterol:

cholest-5-en-3β-ol

7-dehydrocholesterol:

cholesta-5,7-dien-3β-ol

desmosterol:

cholesta-5,24-dien-3β-ol

22-dihydroergosterol:

24β-methylcholesta-5,7-dien-3β-ol

ergosterol:

24β-methylcholesta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol

lathosterol:

cholest-7-en-3β-ol

24ξ-methylcholesterol:

24ξ-methylcholesta-5-en-3β-ol

sitosterol:

24α-ethylcholest-5-en-3β-ol

stigmasterol:

24α-ethylcholest-5,22-dien-3β-ol

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Dorothy L. Mac Donald

    Present address: Dept. of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA

  2. Karla S. Ritter

    Present address: Dept. of Entomology, 237 Russell Laboratories, University of Wisconsin, 53706, Madison, WI

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Drexel University, 19104, Philadelphia, PA

    Dorothy L. Mac Donald & Karla S. Ritter

Authors
  1. Dorothy L. Mac Donald
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  2. Karla S. Ritter
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Donald, D.L.M., Ritter, K.S. Effect of host sterols on the sterol composition and virulence of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus ofHeliothis zea . Lipids 23, 1107–1113 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535274

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535274

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