Abstract
An icosatetraenoic fatty acid, though to be allcis-5,8,11,14-icosatetraenoic acid (arachidonic acid), was isolated from shrimp total lipid. The acid was subjected to partial reduction with hydrazine hydrate, with subsequent isolation of the monoenoic reaction products which were shown to becis in structure. These were then cleaved by periodate-permanganate oxidation and the resulting mono-and dicarboxylic acid were converted to methyl esters. Identification of the resulting mono- and dicarboxylic acids indicated that the original icosatetraenoic acid had the allcis-5,8,11,14 pattern of double bonds, and it was thus identified as arachidonic acid. Experiments were also performed to study the synthesis of arachidonic acid 20∶4(5,8,11,14) from linoleic acid, 18∶2(9,12) in microsomes prepared from shrimp hepatopancreas and tail muscle tissue. Each step of the pathway 18∶2(9,12)→18∶3(6,9,12)→20∶3(8,11,14)→20∶4(5,8,11, 14) was assayed separately, and the level of activity of each enzyme was expressed as percentage conversion of substrate to product. It was found that, in each step of the sequence, the enzyme activity in the shrimp tissue was very low compared to the activity found in rats. These and previous observations seem to indicate that the arachidonic acid in shrimp tissue originates mostly in the diet.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kanazawa, A., Tokiwa, S., Kayama, M., and Hirata, M. (1977) Bull. Jpn. Soc. Soc. Fish. 43, 1111–1114.
Kanazawa, A., Teshima, S., Endo, M., and Kayama, M. (1978) Mem. Fac. Fish., Kagoshima Univ. 27, 35–40.
Kanazawa, A., Teshima, S., and Endo, M. (1979) Mem. Fac. Fish, Kagoshima Univ. 28,27–33.
Kanazawa, A., Teshima, S., Tokiwa, S. Kayama, M., and Hirata, M. (1979) Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish 45, 1151–1153.
Bottino, N.R., Gennity, J., Lilly, M.L., Simmons, E., and Finne, G. (1980) Aquaculture 19, 139–148.
Folch, J., Lees, M., and Sloane-Stanley, G.H. (1957) J. Biol. Chem. 226, 497–509.
Bottino, N.R. (1975) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 50B, 479–484.
Schlenk, H., and Holman, R.T. (1950), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 5001–5004.
Dudley, P.A., and Anderson, R.E. (1975) Lipids 10, 113–114.
Wood, R., and Reiser, R. (1965) J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 42, 159–160.
Privett, O.S., and Nickell, E.C. (1965) Lipids 1, 98–103.
Ratnayake, W.N., Grossert, J.S., and Ackman, R.G. (1980) presented at Intern. Soc. Fats Res./Am. Oil Chem. Soc. World Congress, Abstr. 364, New York, NY.
Von Rudloff, E. (1956) Can. J. Chem. 34, 1413–1418
Albro, P.W., and Dittmer, J.C. (1969) Biochemistry 8, 394–404.
Farquhar, J.W., Insull, W., Rosen, P., Stoffel, W., and Ahrens, E.H. Jr. (1959), Nutr. Rev. Suppl. 17, 29–30.
Light, R.J. (1973) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 296, 461–466.
Bernert, J.T., Jr., and Sprecher, H. (1975) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 398, 354–363.
Brays, G.A. (1960) Anal. Biochem. 1 279–285.
Layne, E. (1957) in Methods in Enzymology (Colowick, S.P., and Kaplan, N.O., eds.), Vol. 3, pp. 450–451, Academic Press, New York, NY.
Heinen, E., and Dandrifosse, G. (1973) Arch. Int. Physiol. Biochim. 81, 1–8.
Ackman, R.G. (1980) Fette Seifen Anstrichm. 82, 351–357.
Ackman, R.G., and Hooper, S.N. (1973) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 46B, 153–165.
Morhauer, H., and Holman, R.T. (1963) J. Lipid Res. 4, 151–159.
Guary, J., Kayama, M., Murakami, T., and Ceccaldi, H.J. (1976) Aquaculture 7, 245–254.
Colvin, P.M. (1976) Aquaculture 8, 81–89.
Kanazawa, A., Teshima, S., and Ono, K. (1979) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 63B, 295–298.
Nichols, B.W., and Appleby, R.S. (1969) Phytochemistry 8, 1907–1915.
Jamieson, G.R., and Reid, E.H. (1972), Phytochemistry 11, 1423–1432.
Johns, R.B., Nichols, P.D., and Perry, G.J. (1979) Phytochemistry 18,799–802.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Work performed by M.L. Lilly in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree.
About this article
Cite this article
Lilly, M.L., Bottino, N.R. Identification of arachidonic acid in gulf of Mexico shrimp and degree of biosynthesis inPenaeus setiferus . Lipids 16, 871–875 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534990
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02534990