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From kinematical geodesy to inertial positioning

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Abstract

WhenH. Moritz (1967, 1971) studied “kinematical geodesy” for the purpose of separation of gravitation and inertia, especially within combined accelerometer-gradiometer systems, it was hard to believe that within five years time inertial survey systems would be available, exactly operating according to his theoretical design. Here, we attempt to give a geodetic introduction into the fundamental equation of inertial positioning materialized by inertial survey systems with emphasis on a careful error model, including 36 parameters of type time interval, initial positions, initial gravity, varying acceleration, varying gravity gradients, accelerometer bias, accelerometer random uncertainty, accelerometer non-orthogonality, initial misalignment angles, accelerometer scale factor uncertainty. The notion of “multipoint” boundary value problem and initial value problem of inertial positioning is reviwed. So-called “post-mission” adjustment techniques for inertial surveys are discussed.

Sommaire

QuandH. Moritz (1967, 1971) a étudié la géodésie cinématique dans le but de séparer la gravitation et l’inertie, spécialement en combinant accéléromètres et gradiomètres, il était difficile de croire qu’en cinq ans les systèmes d’arpentage inertiels seraient disponibles et fonctionneraient exactement selon ses prévisions théoriques. Ici, nous allons tenter de donner une introduction géodésique à l’équation fondamentale du positionnement inertiel, matérialisée par un système d’arpentage inertiel en soulignant l’importance d’un modèle d’erreur incluant 36 paramètres du genre intervalle de temps, positions initiales, gravité initiale, accélération variable, gradient de la gravité variable, déviation des accéléromètres, incertitude aléatoire des accéléromètres, non-orthogonalité des accéléromètres, angles initiaux des défauts d’alignement, incertitude du facteur d’échelle des accéléromètres. La notion de problème “multipoint” aux limites et du problème de la valeur initiale du positionnement inertiel y est revue. Les techniques de compensation “après la mission” y sont discutées.

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Grafarend, E.W. From kinematical geodesy to inertial positioning. Bull. Geodesique 55, 286–299 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02527053

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