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Comparison of the structural and functional effects of monomeric and dimeric human apolipoprotein A-II in high density lipoprotein particles

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Lipids

Abstract

High density lipoprotein (HDL) is throught to play a significant role in the process of reverse cholesterol transport. It has become clear that the apolipoprotein (apo) composition of HDL is important in determining the metabolic fate of this particle. The major proteins of human HDL are apoAI and APOAII; the latter protein is a disulfide-linked dimer in humans and higher primates but monomeric in the other species. The consequences of the apo Cys6-Cys6 disulfide bridge in apoAII for human HDL structure and function are not known. To address this issue, the influence of the Cys6-Cys6 disulfide bridge on the interaction of human apoAII with palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine has been studied. The size and valence of a series of homogeneous discoidal complexes containing either monomeric (reduced and carboxymethylated) or dimeric apoAII have been determined, and their ability to remove cholesterol from rat Fu5AH hepatoma cells grown in culture has been compared. The apoAII dimer and monomer form discoidal complexes of similar size, with twice as many of the latter molecule required per disc. Removal of the disulfide bond influences the stability of the helical segments around the edge of the disc as seen by a decrease in α-helix content of the monomeric protein. The discoidal particles containing the monomeric form of apoAII are somewhat more effective than particles containing either dimeric apoAII or apoAI in removing cellular cholesterol. Overall, reduction of the disulfide bridge of apoAII probably does not have a major effect in the determination of HDL particle sizein vivo. It follows that the evolution of the Cys6-Cys6 disulfide bond in higher primates probably has not had a major effect on the function of the apoAII molecule.

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Abbreviations

apo:

apolipoprotein

apoAII-D:

apolipoprotein AII-dimer

apoAII-M:

apolipoprotein AII-monomer

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

Cys:

cysteine

DMPC:

dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine

FC:

free cholesterol

GdnHCl:

guanidine HCl

HDL:

high density lipoprotein

PAGGE:

polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis

POPC:

1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine

rHDL:

reconstituted HDL

SDS-PAGE:

SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry Department, MCP-Hahnemann School of Medicine, Allegheny University, 2900 Queen Lane, 19129, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

    Sissel Lund-Katz, Yvette M. Murley, Errol Yon, Kristin L. Gillotte & W. Sean Davidson

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  1. Sissel Lund-Katz
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  2. Yvette M. Murley
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  3. Errol Yon
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  4. Kristin L. Gillotte
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  5. W. Sean Davidson
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Lund-Katz, S., Murley, Y.M., Yon, E. et al. Comparison of the structural and functional effects of monomeric and dimeric human apolipoprotein A-II in high density lipoprotein particles. Lipids 31, 1107–1113 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02524284

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02524284

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