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Prevention of cholesterol cholelithiasis by dietary unsaturated fats in hormone-treated female hamsters

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Lipids

Abstract

We examined the effect of diet on gallstone incidence and the composition of biliary phosphatidylcholines in methyltestosterone-treated female hamsters. These hamsters were fed a nutritionally adequate purified lithogenic diet containing 2% corn oil, 4% butterfat, 0.3% cholesterol, and 0.05% methyltestosterone, resulting in a cholesterol gallstone incidence of 86%. This incidence was lowered when mono-and polyunsaturated fats or fatty acids were added to the diet: 2.5% oleic acid resulted in total prevention of cholesterol cholelithiasis, 2.5% linoleic acid, and 4% safflower oil (78% linoleic acid content) reduced gallstone incidence to 26 and 8%, respectively. An additional 4% butterfat (29% oleic acid content) produced gallstones in 50% of the animals. At the end of the 6-wk feeding period, the bile of all hamsters was supersaturated with cholesterol. The major biliary phosphatidylcholine species in all groups were (sn-1-sn-2): 16:0–18:2, 16:0–18:1, 18:0–18:2, 16:0–20:4, and 18:2–18:2. The safflower oil-and linoleic acidfed hamsters exhibited an enrichment of 16:0–18:2 (16–18%); added butterfat or oleic acid increased the proportion of 16:0–18:1 (9 and 25%, respectively). We conclude that the phosphatidylcholine molecular species in female hamster bile can be altered by dietary fats/fatty acids and that mono-and polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in suppressing the induced cholelithiasis.

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Abbreviations

CSI:

cholesterol saturation index

GLC:

gas-liquid chromatography

HI:

hydrophobicity index

HPLC:

high-performance liquid chromatography

LD:

lithogenic diet; 18:2, linoleic acid

MeT:

methyltestosterone; 18:1, oleic acid

PC:

phosphatidylcholine

PC(16:1–16:1):

1,2-dipalmitoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

PC(16:0–20:4):

1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl

PC(16:0–18:2):

1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl

PC(18:0–18:2):

1-stearoyl-2-linoleoyl

PC(16:0–18:1):

1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl

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  1. Akira Ohshima

    Present address: Department of Surgery 1, Kyushu University School of Medicine, Maidashi, 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, 812, Fukuoka, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York

    Nariman Ayyad, Bertram I. Cohen, Akira Ohshima & Erwin H. Mosbach

  2. Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, First Avenue at 16th St., 10003, New York, NY

    Nariman Ayyad, Bertram I. Cohen, Akira Ohshima & Erwin H. Mosbach

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  1. Nariman Ayyad
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  2. Bertram I. Cohen
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  3. Akira Ohshima
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  4. Erwin H. Mosbach
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Ayyad, N., Cohen, B.I., Ohshima, A. et al. Prevention of cholesterol cholelithiasis by dietary unsaturated fats in hormone-treated female hamsters. Lipids 31, 721–727 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02522888

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