A mixed observational survey method

Abstract

For several years, geodesists have debated the proper role of electronic distances in modern geodetic surveys. The role must be defined on an individual basis as a function of the desired accuracy and ultimate purpose of the survey. This paper proposes a mixed mode of observations for the types of surveys currently being observed following conventional first-order triangulation techniques. The mixed observational procedure requires only a portion of the survey control stations be instrument-occupied, and directions and electro-optical distances be observed to the remainder of the stations. The method allows the substitution of truck-or trailer-mounted portable towers, equipped with targets and reflectors, for a portion of the Bilby towers which are presently required to provide theodolite observations from all primary control stations in a conventional triangulation network. For the example considered, the mixed observational method provided more accurate position determinations than were obtained using conventional triangulation.