Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of vasodilators on the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema was induced by injecting fibrinogen and thrombin into the cisterna magna of vagotomized rats (fibrin-induced pulmonary edema). Before the intrathecal injections, rats were pretreated with intravenous injection of one of the following vasodilators: phentolamine, isoproterenol, nifedipine, diltiazem, isosorbide dinitrate, or substance P. Each vasodilator reduced the incidence of fibrin-induced pulmonary edema and lung-water ratio dose-dependently except nifedipine and diltiazem. There was a uniform relationship between the lung-water ratio and the prefibrin mean arterial pressure obtained under administration of different doses of the each drug. A similar relationship was obtained even if the drug used was different. Treatment with nifedipine or diltiazem, however, diminished the blood pressure but provided less protection against the development of pulmonary edema. The blood volume in edema-positive lungs was minimally different from that in edema-negative lungs. These results suggest that the neurogenic pulmonary edema may be effectively prevented by most vasodilators except Ca++-blockers.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Peterson BT, Ross JC, Brigham KL (1983) Effect of naloxone on the pulmonary vascular responses to graded levels of intracranial hypertension in anesthetized sheep. Am Rev Respir Dis 128:1024–1029
Colice GL, Matthay MA, Bass E, et al. (1984) Neurogenic pulmonary edema. Am Rev Respir Dis 130:941–948
Dauber IM, Weil JV (1983) Lung injury edema in dogs: Influence of sympathetic ablation. J Clin Invest 72:1977–1986
Theodore JE, Patton HD (1976) Speculations on neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) Am Rev Respir Dis 113:405–411
Minnear FL, Kite C, Hill LA, et al., (1987) Endothelial injury and pulmonary congestion characterize neurogenic pulmonary edema in rabbits. J Appl Physiol 63:335–341
Slotman GJ, Machiedo GW, Casey KF, et al (1982) Histologic and hemodynamic effects of prostacyclin and prostaglandin E1 following oleic acid infusion. Surgery 92:93–100
Demling RH, Smith M, Gunther R, et al. (1981) The effect of prostacyclin infusion on endotoxin-induced lung injury. Surgery 89:257–263
Foulke GE, Fisher CJ Jr, Demling RH, (1982) Effect of nitroprusside on pulmonary hypertension and lung fluid balance after E. Coli endotoxin. Crit Care Med 10:427–431
Cameron GR, De SN (1949) Experimental pulmonary edema of nervous origin. J Path Bact 61:375–387
Sarnoff SJ, Sarnoff LC (1952) Neurohemodynamics of pulmonary edema. II. The role of sympathetic pathways in the elevation of pulmonary and systemic vascular pressures following the intracisternal injection of fibrin. Circulation 6:51–62
Ishikawa N, Kainuma M, Furuta T, et al. (1988) Factors influencing fibrin-induced pulmonary edema. Jpn J Pharmacol 46:255–260
Hashiba Y, Ishikawa N, Sumita T, et al. (1989) Capsaicin-sensitive nerves exert an inhibitory effect on the development of fibrin-induced pulmonary edema in rats. Am Rev Respir Dis 140:652–658
Holcroft JW, Trunkey DD (1974) Extravascular lung water following hemorrhagic shock in the baboon. Ann Surg 180:408–417
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG: Statistical methods, 6th edn. Iowa State University Press (1967) Ames IA, pp 271
Bishop MJ, Huang T, Cheney FW (1985) Effect of vasodilator treatment on the resolusion of oleic acid injury in dogs. Am Rev Respir Dis 131:421–425
Johnson A, Hocking DC, Ferro TJ (1990) Mechanisms of pulmonary edema induced by a diacylglycerol second messenger. Am J Physiol 258:H85-H91
Kawanishi M, Hayakawa A, Taki K, et al. (1989) Factors mediating a regional difference in vasorelaxing effects of human natriuretic polypeptide in dogs. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 298:198–209
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Nishiwaki, K., Hirabayashi, A., Shimada, Y. et al. Effects of vasodilators on fibrin-induced pulmonary edema, so-called neurogenic pulmonary edema, in the rat. J Anesth 8, 208–212 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02514715
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02514715