Abstract
Some complex analytical problems which are connected with the operation of nuclear power plants cooled with gas and moderated with heavy water can be solved by combination of the high separation efficiency of gas chromatography with the sensitive and selective detection of radioactive radiation. The main fields of application of these methods are the control of the coolant, of gaseous wastes, and the control of the isotopic purity of heavy water. A review of papers dealing with these problems is given describing the procedures, methods, and the results achieved.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Lukáč,Jaderná Energie, 12 (1960) 130.
V. A. Bazhenov, J. M. Golubev, I. V. Levin, T. N. Sokolova, A. D. Turkin,At. Energ. (USSR), 21 (1966) 141.
F. Cacace, R. Cipollini, G. Perez,Anal. Chem., 35 (1963) 1348.
C. G. Crawford, D. J. Waddington,J. Gas. Chromatogr., 6 (1968) 103.
A. Karmen,J. Gas. Chromatog., 5 (1967) 502.
D. C. Nelson, D. L. Paull,Anal. Chem., 35 (1963) 1571.
J. D. Robbins, J. E. Bakke,J. Gas Chromatog., 5 (1967) 525.
J. Tölgyessy, J. Hrivňák,Chem. Zvesti, 22 (1968) 528.
M. Welch, R. Withnell, A. P. Wolf,Anal. Chem. 39 (1967) 275.
M. Zaduban,Chem. Zvesti, 22 (1968) 291.
Czechoslovak Standard ON-65-1055, Technical Gases.
J. Meiffren, F. Dupay, CEA-R 2847, 1965.
Z. Melichar, E. Hladký, R. Vespalec, J. Kopec, J. Blažek, J. Morávek, Research Report No. 00 06 01 01, Power Research Institute Praha, Laboratory Jaslovské Bohunice, 1967.
R. Bartoníček, Research Report, SVÚOM Praha, Dec. 1959.
J. Adam, Research Report DZ-61-AE, Part, II, IBZKG Research Institute of Energetic Equipment Brno, 1962.
R. C. Koch, G. L. Grandy,Nucleonics, 18 (1960) 76.
Power Plant A-2, Investment Task, EGP Praha, Nov. 1966.
Complex Technical Determination of Operational States A-1 Nuclear Power Plant, Power Research Institute Praha, Laboratory Jaslovské Bohunice, 1963.
P. Jasanovský, H. Šimčková, J. Kits, M. Karásek, J. Plch, Final Report, Institute for Research, Production and Application of Radioisotopes, Praha, 1967.
D. G. Timms, H. J. Konrath, R. C. Chirnside,Analyst, 83 (1958) 600.
R. W. Dickinson, UKAEA PG Report 176W,
R. L. D. French, D. W. Ockenden,J. Nucl. Energy, 19 (1965) 91.
R. Vespalec, J. Morávek, I. Pietrik, Research Report 00 06 04 01, Power Research Institute, Praha, Laboratory Jaslovské Bohunice, 1968.
J. E. Attrit, C. M. Boyf, A. S. Meyer, Jr.,Anal. Chem., 37 (1965) 1543.
S. A. Greene, M. L. Moberg, E. M. Wilson,Anal. Chem., 28 (1956) 1369.
S. A. Greene,Anal. Chem., 31 (1959) 480.
T. L. Chang,J. Gas. Chromatog., 4 (1966) 371.
A. W. Mosen, G. Buzelli,Anal. Chem., 32 (1960) 141.
Y. Murakami,Chem. Abstr., 54 (1960) 3045.
A. Kenneth,Anal. Chem., 36 (1954) 954.
R. C. Koch, G. L. Grandy,Anal. Chem., 33 (1961) 43.
R. D. Acley, W. E. Browning, Jr., ORNL 61-2-32, 1961.
V. Bosáček,Collection Czech. Chem. Commun., 229 (1964) 1797.
V. Bosáček,Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 168 (1966) 126.
Takao Kwan,J. Inst. Catalysis, 8 (1960) 14.
P. Manka,Anal. Chem., 36 (1964) 480.
A. E. Rovinskii, V. G. Fastovskii, Z. N. Kasova,Zh. Prikl. Khim., 38 (1965) 328.
G. Gnauck,Z. Anal. Chem. 189 (1962) 124.
C. E. Kyryacos, C. E. Boord,Anal. Chem. 29 (1967) 787.
H. T. Rein, M. E. Miville,Anal. Chem., 35 (1963) 1536.
E. J. Havlena, K. A. Hutchinson,J. Gas Chromatog., 6 (1968) 419.
Chemikalien und Injektionspritzen für Gaschromatographie, prospectus of firm Becker, 1968.
E. L. Obermiller, G. O. Charlier,J. Gas. Chromatog., 6 (1968) 446.
G. S. Rabban, M. Rusek,J. Gas. Chromatog., 6 (1968) 399.
W. F. Wilthe, O. L. Hollis,J. Gas. Chromatog., 6 (1968) 84.
K. Jones, P. Halferd,Nature, 202 (1962) 1003.
M. Wiernik, IA-1066, 1966.
F. Cejnar,Jaderná Energie, 15 (1969) 115.
G. Gnauck, Abhandlungen der Deutsch. Akad. der Wissensch. (1961, 1965).
G. Gnauck, H. Schön, Proc. Anal. Chem. Conf. Budapest, 1966.
F. L. Boys,J. Gas. Chromatog., 4 (1966) 20.
H. P. Burchfield, E. E. Stross, Biochemical Application of Gas Chromatography, Academic Press, New York, London, 1962.
M. A. Krichevsky, M. A. Rogosa,Anal. Biochem., 7 (1964) 350.
M. V. Terenteev,Proc. Acad. Sci. USSR, Chem. Sect., 148 (1963) 167.
T. Doran, J. Gross,J. Gas Chromatog. 4 (1966) 260.
K. Abel,Anal. Chem., 36 (1964) 953.
E. Zieliňski,Chem. Anal. (Warsaw), 11 (1968) 67.
A. Zlatiks, H. R. Kaufman,J. Gas Chromatog., 4 (1966) 240.
J. King, Jr., S. W. Benson,Anal. Chem., 38 (1966) 261.
G. S. Vizard, A. Wynne,Chem. Ind., (London), (1959) 196.
B. D. Gunter, G. C. Musgrave,J. Gas. Chromatog., 4 (1966) 192.
E. W. Lard, R. C. Horn,Anal. Chem., 32 (1960) 878.
E. L. Obermiller, R. W. Freedman,J. Gas Chromatog., 3 (1965) 242.
M. Krejčí, K. Tesařík, Gas Chromatography, Academic Press, New York, 1961.
A. T. James, A. J. P. Martin,Biochem. J., 50 (1952) 679.
B.-M. Karlsson,Anal. Chem., 38 (1966) 261.
R. Aubeau, L. Champeix, J. Reiss,J. Chromatog., 6 (1961) 209.
E. Glueckauf,Analyst 77 (1952) 903.
E. J. Havlena, K. A. Hutchinson,J. Gas Chromatog., 4 (1966) 330.
M. F. Lepold, KFK-365, 1965.
P. Amadesi, A. Cervelatti,Nucl. Instr. Methods, 33 (1965) 45.
C. L. Carnahan, USNRDL-TR-535, No. 2, 1961.
R. E. Adams,Ind. Eng. Chem., 51 (1959) 1467.
A. M. Trofimov, J. I. Pankov,Radiokhimiya, 7 (1965) 393.
M. C. Cannon, W. R. Grimes, W. T. Ward, C. H. Watson,Nucl. Sci. Eng., 12 (1962) 4.
Gas-Cooled Reactor Projects, ORNL Quarterly Progress Report for Period Ending March 1961.
ORNL-3049, 1960, p. 305.
W. E. Browning, Jr., C. C. Bolts, ORNL-2116, July 27, 1956.
W. E. Browning, R. E. Adams, R. D. Ackley, ORNL 59-6-47, 1959.
ORNL-3127, 1961.
ORNL-2931, 1960, p. 170.
ORNL-2614, 1968, p. 162.
R. D. Ackley, R. E. Adams, W. E. Browning, TID 7539, 1959.
J. H. Funderburg, L. J. Moss, AECU-4509, 1957.
E. Glueckauf,Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 72 (1959) 562.
R. E. Adams, W. E. Browning, Jr., ORNL 61-4-38, 1961.
G. W. Keiholtz,Nucl. Safety, 8 (1966–1967) 155.
E. J. Wilson, AERE I/R 2216,
D. W. Ockenden, R. M. Tomlinson,Can. J. Chem., 40 (1962) 1594.
Z. Prakash,Z. Elektrochem., 64 (1960) 1037.
A. D. Horton,Nuclear Sci. Eng., 13 (1962) 103.
W. R. Kritz, DP-356, 1959.
W. R. Kritz,Nucleonics, 19 (1961) 106.
S. Akhatar, H. A. Smith,Chem. Rev., 64 (1964) 261.
E. Gluckeauf, G. P. Kitt, AERE CIR 1847, Proc. Intern. Symp. on Isotope Separation, 1956.
C. O. Thomas, H. A. Smith,J. Phys. Chem., 63 (1959) 427.
S. Ohkoshi, J. Fujitay,Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 31 (1958) 770.
A. Riedel, E. Uhlmann,Z. Anal. Chem., 166 (1959) 434.
P. H. Dutch,Anal. Chem., 32 (1960) 1532.
F. Botter, G. Perriere, S. Titschenko,Chem. Abstr., 55 (1961) 25591.
E. Tataru, O. Piringer,Rev. Chim., 16 (1966) 290.
E. M. Arnett, P. Dugleby,Anal. Chem., 35 (1963) 1420.
P. L. Grant, K. Yang,Science, 129 (1959) 1548.
E. H. Carter, A. H. Smith,J. Phys. Chem., 67 (1963) 1512.
J. King,J. Phys. Chem., 67 (1963) 1397.
P. G. Report 419 (CA).
D. L. West, A. L. Marston,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 86 (1964) 4731.
J. Winkelmann, A. Karmen,Anal. Chem., 34 (1962) 1067.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pietrik, I., Vespalec, R. Control of the coolant and moderator of a nuclear power plant with the aid of gas chromatography. J. Radioanal. Chem. 8, 61–74 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02514054
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02514054