Toward a method of determining the dispersion of the response times and delay intervals of short-delay blasting media, with special reference to the ÉD-KZ-PM-15 series of electrical detonators

Conclusion

• 1. For the ÉD-KZ-PM-15 series of detonators, the authors give a method of determining the response time, making it possible to estimate the effectiveness of various combinations of these detonators.

• 2. By amathematical-statistical analysis of the experimental data, the authors show that the probability of out-of-sequence firing of two ÉD-KZ-PM-15 electrical detonators is greatest (0.009) for delay numbers IMP and 2MP; the mean firing-time interval between these numbers is 10 msec. The result is that in some cases it may be inadvisable to use them together. For all the other numbers of the series the probability of out-of-sequence firing is very small (not more than 0.00001).

• 3. By simply doubling-up the detonators (n=2), their probability of out-of-sequence firing can be reduced by a factor of three.

• 4. The probability that a pair of detonators with nonadjacent delay numbers will fire out of sequence is practically equal to zero.

• 5. The method used in this article can also be applied to the KZDSh pyrotechnic relay.