Skip to main content
Log in

Floral biology ofTrapa natans var.japonica

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
The botanical magazine = Shokubutsu-gaku-zasshi Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The floral behavior and insect visitors ofTrapa natans L. var.japonica Nakai are described. Individual flowers bloom for one day and are visited primarily by Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Exclusion experiments indicate flowers are self- and cross-compatible as well as apomictic. Insect visitors assist in self-pollination as they more within the flower.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  • Ban, Y. 1983. An essay on animals foragingTrapa. Bull. Water Plant Soc. Japan11: 15 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bickley, W.E. andE.N. Cory. 1955. Water caltrop in the Chesapeake Bay. Assoc. Southeast. Biol. Bull.2: 27–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bindra, O.S. 1959. Mode of carry-over in Singhara Beetle (Galerucella birmanica Jacoby). Indian J. Horticul.16: 113–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chakor, I.S. 1974. Improved practices of nursery raising for water chestnut. Indian Farmer's Digest7: 37–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibelli, G. andF. Ferrero. 1891. Ricerche de anatomia e morfologia allo sviluppo dell'ovolo e del seme delleTrapa natans L. Malpighia5: 1–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • . 1985. Ricerche di anatomia e morfologia intorno allo sviluppo del flore e del frutto dellaTrapa natans L. Malpighia9: 3–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muenscher, W.C. 1935. A biological survey of the Mohawk-Hudson Watershed. New York State Dept. of Conservation Ann. Rep. Suppl.IX: 234–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakano, H. 1913. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Variationen vonTrapa in Japan. Bot. Jahrb.50: 440–458.

    Google Scholar 

  • —. 1964. Further studies onTrapa from Japan and its adjacent countries. Bot. Mag. Tokyo77: 159–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohtaki, S. andT. Ishido. 1980. Illustrated Japanese Water Plants. Hokuryu-kan, Tokyo (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Porterfield, W.M. 1938.Trapa bicornis, a water-chestnut known to the Chinese as Ling Ko. J. New York Bot. Gard.39: 134–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ram, M. 1956. Floral morphology and embryology ofTrapa bispinosa Roxb. with a discussion on the systematic position of the genus. Phytomorphology6: 312–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R.H. 1955. Experimental control of water chestnut (Trapa natans) in New York State. New York Fish and Game J.2: 173–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, G.D. andT.K. Tandon. 1951. A study of the autecology ofTrapa bispinosa Roxburgh. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India B21: 57–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staszkiewicz, J. andJ.J. Wojcicki. 1979. Biometrical analysis ofTrapa L. nuts from Poland. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica25: 33–59 (in Polish with English summary).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kadono, Y., Schneider, E.L. Floral biology ofTrapa natans var.japonica . Bot Mag Tokyo 99, 435–439 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02488722

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02488722

Key words

Navigation