Summary
Rural schoolchildren between the ages of 6 and 18 years were screened for residual paralysis following poliomyelitis; 503 (0.85%) out of a total of 58,592 were victims. Of these, only 16 (3.8%) had received poliomylitis vaccine, while the remainder had not been immunised. The disease had occurred before the age of 4 years in nearly 90%, the lower limbs being affected (98%) more often than the upper (2%). In the lower limbs, the quadriceps, hip adductors and tibialis anterior were frequently affected. The muscles supplied by the L4 and L5 spinal segments were most commonly involved, while those supplied by L1 and S3 were least. Some order does exist in the apparently irregular distribution of paralysis after poliomyelitis.
Résumé
Chez 58592 enfants âgés de 6 à 18 ans, fréquentant des écoles de villages, on a recherché l'existence de paralysies résiduelles, séquelles de poliomyélite. 503 écoliers (0.85%) avaient été victimes de cette maladie. La proportion garçonsfilles était de 1.8/1. Parmi ceux-ci, seulement 16 enfants (3.8%) avaient reçu une vaccination antipoliomyélitique, mais celle-ci avait été incomplète. Les 487 autres (96.8%) n'avaient pas été vaccinés du tout. Environ 90% des patients avaient été atteints avant l'âge de 4 ans. Les membres inférieurs étaient plus souvent concernés (98%) que les membres supérieurs (2%). Aux membres inférieurs les mucles les plus fréquemment en cause étaient le quadriceps, les adducteurs de hanche et le jambier antérieur. Les muscles innervés à partir des racines L4 et L5 étaient les plus habituellement lésés, tandis que ceux innervés par les racines L1 et S3 létaient le moins. Les auteurs pensent que, derrière la distribution apparemment anarchique des séquelles de poliomyélite, il existe en fait une certaine classification des paralysies musculaires.
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Sharma, S.C., Sangwam, S.S., Siwach, R.C. et al. The pattern of residual muscle paralysis in poliomyelitis. International Orthopaedics 18, 122–125 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02484424
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02484424