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Investigation on strengthening and strain sensing techniques for concrete structures using FRP composites and FBG sensors

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Abstract

This paper reports the results of an experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of the laboratory size rectangular concrete beams with the notch formation on the tension surface strengthened by using fibre reinforced plastic composites, Fibre-optic Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have been embedded at the interface between the concrete surface and external bonded composites to measure the strain variations when the strengthened structures were subjected to three-point bending load. Multiplexing strainsensing technique has been used for measuring the strains in different locations of the beam by using one single optical fibre. External bonded strain gauges were also attached on the surfaces of composites to measure the surface strain and the results were compared with that obtained from the embedded FBG sensors. The observation in the experiments showed that the flexural load capacity of the strengthened concrete beams was increased significantly after strengthening by laying-up the compsite laminate for both plain and notched concrete structures. Debond and concrete failure occurred at the plate end region when the thick composite laminate was used. The embedded FBG sensors could provide the indication to the operator when the structure serviced in strange conditions. The strains measured at the interfaces from the sensors were higher than that from the surface bonded strain gauges in general.

Résumé

Les investigations expérimentales présentées dans cet article portent sur les propriétés mécaniques d'éprouvettes de béton rectangulaires entaillées en surface de la zone de tension puis renforcées au moyen de polymères renforcés de fibres (FRP).

Des capteurs à réseau de Bragg à fibre optique (FBG) ont été placés à l'interface entre le béton et le composite afin de mesurer les variations des contraintes quand la structure est soumise à une charge de flexion en trois points. Un multiplexage des capteurs est utilisé pour mesurer les contraintes en différents points de l'éprouvette en n'utilisant qu'une seule fibre optique. Des jauges d'extensométrie ont aussi été placées en surface du composite, leurs résultats sont alors comparés à ceux obtenus à partir des capteurs FBG. Ces expériences ont montré que la résistance au fléchissement des poutres est nettement améliorée grâce au renforcement par le composite, ce tant pour les structures intates, que pour les éprouvettes entaillées. Lorsque la poutre est renforcée par une plaque épaisse du composite laminé, la rupture de la liaison avec le béton, ainsi que la rupture du béton, ont lieu au bord de cette plaque. Les capteurs à réseau de Bragg à fibre optique permettent de fournir des indications à l'opérateur lorsque la structure est en service dans des conditions peu usuelles. Les contraintes mesurées par les capteurs. FBG aux interfaces sont en général plus importantes que celles mesurées par les jauges situées en surface du composite.

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Lau, K.T., Zhou, L.M. & Wu, J.S. Investigation on strengthening and strain sensing techniques for concrete structures using FRP composites and FBG sensors. Mat. Struct. 34, 42–50 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02482199

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