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Une nouvelle méthodologie de qualification des granulats siliceux vis-à-vis de l'alcali-réaction dans le béton

A new test methodology for the qualification of siliceous aggregates against alkali-reaction in concrete

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Résumé

Cette étude a eu pour but de vérifier la fibilité de la méthode de qualification française AFNOR P18-542 [3] et de son équivalent canadien CSA A23.2-27A [4], lorsque ces dernières sont utilisées pour évaluer la réactivité potentielle alcalis-silice (A-S) de certains sables siliceux naturels d'origine italienne, dont le comportement en service à long terme était déjà bien connu. On a également mis au point une nouvelle méthodologie de qualification qui repose sur l'utilisation de l'examen pétrographique (ASTM C295) [9], de l'essai d'expansion sur mortier MICROBAR (AFNOR P18-588) [13] et d'une méthode de détermination du niveau de seuil des alcalis, NSA [8]. S'il a été démontré que la méthode de qualification canadienne n'est pas la plus indiquée pour évaluer la réactivité potentielle A-S des sables examinés, l'évaluation diagnostique fournie par la méthodologie française semble quant à elle pleinement satisfaisante. Toutefois, ces deux méthodes semblent inadéquates lorsqu'il s'agit de prévoir, en termes rigoureux, le comportement expansif d'un granulat donné, en réponse à une variation de la composition et/ou des conditions d'exposition ambiante du béton. Par contre, la méthodologie de qualification proposée, qui repose essentiellement sur le niveau de seuil des alcalis, NSA, servant de paramètre de réactivité pour les granulats siliceux, semble présenter de meilleures garanties, tout du moins en ce qui concerne les sables examinés.

Abstract

In this study, the reliability of both the French (AFNOR P18-542) [3] and the Canadian (CSA A23.2-27A) [4] test methodologies for the qualification of aggregates susceptible of alkali-silica (A-S) reaction in concrete was verified on some Italian natural siliceous sands of known long-term field performance. A new test methodology, based on the utilization of the petrographic examination (ASTM C295) [9], the mortar-microbar expansion test (AFNOR P18-588) [13] and a method of determination of the threshold alkali level, TAL, [8] was also developed. It was found that the Canadian test methodology does not appear to be appropriate for evaluating the potential alkalireactivity of the tested sands. Conversely, a correct diagnosis for the A-S reactivity of these sands is obtained through the use of the French test methodology. However, both test methodologies do not appear suitable for strictly predicting the expansive behaviour of a given aggregate when subjected to variations of composition and/or environmental exposure conditions of concrete. The proposed test methodology, which is essentially based on the use of the threshold alkali level, TAL, as a reactivity parameter, appears to be more appropriate for such a prediction, at least for the sands investigated.

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Editorial Note Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” is a RILEM Titular Member. Mr. Mario Berra is a RILEM Senior Member. He participates in the work of RILEM TC 191-ARP ‘Alkali-reactivity and prevention-Assessment, specification and diagnosis of alkali-reactivity’.

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Berra, M., Mangialardi, T. & Paolini, A.E. Une nouvelle méthodologie de qualification des granulats siliceux vis-à-vis de l'alcali-réaction dans le béton. Mat. Struct. 36, 302–310 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480869

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480869

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