Abstract
Recent experimental information has indicated that (a) the post-peak behaviour of concrete is dependent on testing techniques to such an extent that its most realistic description is a complete and immediate loss of load-carrying capacity as soon as a peak level is exceeded, and (b) such “brittle” concrete behaviour at the material level is compatible with the observed ductile behaviour exhibited by reinforced concrete structural members. A model of concrete behaviour is proposed, therefore, which reflects both the above experimental information and the generally accepted view that the nonlinear behaviour of concrete is dictated by internal fracture processes. This model, termed appropriately brittle fracturing, is in compliance with previous work describing the fracture mechanism of concrete under short-term generalised stress.
Résumé
De récentes données expérimentales indiquent que (a) le comportement du béton au-delà d'une charge «de pointe» (proche de la rupture) dépend dans une si large mesure des techniques d'essai qu'on ne peut le décrire que comme une perte immédiate et complète de la capacité portante dès qu'on dépasse cette charge «de pointe» et (b) un tel comportement «fragile» du matériau béton est compatible avec le comportement ductile qu'on observe des éléments structuraux du béton armé. On propose donc un modèle de comportement du béton qui traduit aussi bien cette donnée expérimentale et le point de vue généralement accepté que le comportement non linéaire du béton est déterminé par des processus de rupture interne.
La description analytique s'appuie sur la décomposition de la réponse contrainte/déformation du matériau en composantes linéaires et non linéaires qui décrivent respectivement les durabilités réversibles et permanentes. La composante linéaire caractérise le comportement du matériau dans les conditions et de chargement et de déchargement; elle représente la composante du béton qui n'est pas affectée par les mécanismes de rupture interne. La composante non linéaire ne caractérise le comportement du matériau que sous charge et traduit la réponse du béton soumis à un état de contrainte de compression interne due aux processus de rupture.
Le modèle concorde avec les travaux antérieurs qui décrivent le mécanisme de résistance du béton sous contrainte généralisée à court terme et se trouve en bon accord avec les résultats expérimentaux publiés.
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Kotsovos, M.D. Concrete. A brittle fracturing material. Matériaux et Constructions 17, 107–115 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473662
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473662