Abstract
Results are presented of a numerical and experimental analysis of the pull-out behaviour of steel anchors embedded in concrete. In the experiments the influence of friction in the supports was minimized by supporting the specimens with double hinged bars. The support span was varied and lateral constraint was applied by mounting steel bars at both sides of the anchor plate. The effects of varying these boundary conditions and of the specimen size are discussed. In the numerical model used the material is schematized at the meso-level as a lattice of brittle breaking beam elements. In the lattice model used the heterogeneity of concrete is introduced by varying the strength or the length of the beam elements. To determine the strength values of each beam element, a generated grain structure is projected on top of a regular lattice. When heterogeneity is introduced by varying the length of the beams, the strength of each element is kept constant. Comparison with the numerical simulations shows that there is good agreement with the failure mechanisms observed in the tests.
Resume
On présente ici les résultats d'une analyse numérique et expérimentale du comportement à l'arrachement d'ancrages en acier enrobés dans le béton. On a minimisé l'influence du frottement dans les appuis en équipant les éprouvettes de barres de traction à double articulation. On a fait varier la portée du support et on a appliqué une contrainte latérale en montant des barres d'acier sur les deux côtés de la plaque d'ancrage. On discutera les effects obtenus en faisant varier ces conditions aux limites, et la taille de l'éprouvette.
Dans le modèle numérique utilisé, on schématise le matériau au niveau moyen comme un réseau d'éléments fragiles de poutre éclatés. Dans un modèle réticulaire on a mis en évidence l'hétérogénéité du béton en faisant varier la résistance et la longueur des poutres. On a projeté au sommet une structure granulaire. Quand l'hétérogénété est mise en évidence en faisant varier la longueur des poutres, la résistance de chaque élément est maintenue constante. La comparaison avec les simulations numériques montre une bonne concordance avec le mécanisme de rupture observé dans les essais.
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Vervuurt, A., Van Mier, J.G.M. & Schlangen, E. Analyses of anchor pull-out in concrete. Materials and Structures 27, 251–259 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473041
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473041