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Experimental tests on the shear behaviour of dowels connecting concrete slabs to stone masonry walls

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Abstract

An experimental investigation has been conducted on the behaviour of dowels used to connect concrete slabs to stone masonry walls in order to transfer horizontal shear forces. A technique for embedding the dowels in the stone block without injection of grouting material or resin has been developed. Special experimental equipment has been designed in order to allow the execution ofin situ load tests on representative ancient buildings. Monotonic loading tests have been carried out on eight specimens with the purpose of measuring both stone block displacement and dowel deformation

Resume

Dans ce travail nous avons mené une enquête expérimentale sur le comportement vis-à-vis de l’effort tranchant des connexions à goujon, utilisées dans le but de transmettre les actions horizontales (par ex. forces sismiques) entre une dalle en béton armé et une maçonnerie en pierre. La technique adoptée consiste dans l’ancrage des goujons dans la maçonnerie, réalisé au moyen d’un trou calibré dans la pierre, puis d’une insertion en force du goujon. Cette technique présente l’avantage de ne pas exiger des interventions onéreuses au niveau de la maçonnerie, susceptibles d’en réduire la résistance.

Nous avons préparé un appareillage spécifique permettant l’exécution d’expériencesin situ. Pour simplifier l’exécution, l’effet de la dalle en béton a été simulé à l’aide d’une plaque métallique conçue dans ce but. Nous avons donc effectué huit expériences sur la maçonnerie en pierre d’un vieux bâtiment. Durant chaque expérience, la charge subissait de faibles accroissements progressifs et, à chaque accroissement, on enregistrait aussi bien le déplacement relatif entre la plaque métallique et la maçonnerie que les déplacements (translation et rotation) du bloc auquel le goujon était fixé. La plupart des échantillons essayés ont atteint la rupture par cassure transversale du bloc due à des glissements entre la plaque métallique et la maçonnerie, variant entre 2 et 4 mm.

Après la rupture par cassure du bloc, on n’a pas relevé de brusques réductions de la capacité portante qui, au contraire, est restée constante ou a enregistré une légère augmentation avec l’accroissement du glissement. Nous avons par ailleurs déterminé la charge correspondant à la limite d’écoulement du goujon. En outre, dans les essais effectués, la translation du bloc constitue 20 à 30% du glissement global de la plaque par rapport à la maçonnerie.

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Abbreviations

u 1,u 2 :

Perpendicular displacements of two points of the block at distancesx 1 andx 2 from the dowel, respectively

υ3 :

Displacement of the block in the direction of the load measured at a distancey 3 from the surface of the wall

δ:

Displacement of the block in the direction of the load

η:

Displacement due to dowel deformation

α:

Rotation of the stone block

s :

Slip between the steel flange and the masonry wall

F :

Transversal load

F y :

Transversal load at the beginning of yielding of the dowel

f ys :

Yield strength

ϕ:

Diameter of the dowel

l h :

Distance between two plastic hinges in the shank of the dowel

l m :

Distance between the steel flange and the stone surface

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Giuriani, E., Gattesco, N. & Del Piccolo, M. Experimental tests on the shear behaviour of dowels connecting concrete slabs to stone masonry walls. Materials and Structures 26, 293–301 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02472951

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