Abstract
The Kedem-Katchalsky equations for fluid flux across membranes may not be adequate for large solvent flows. In particular, for an example of two membranes in series, it is argued that they would predict physically unreasonable behavior. An alternate equation for solute flow is proposed for a simple sieving membrane. For the same example, this equation predicts more physically reasonable results.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature
Bresler, E. H. and R. P. Wendt. 1969a. “Onsanger's Reciprocal Relation. An Examination of Its Application to a Simple Membrane Transport Process.”J. Phys. Chem.,73 264–266.
— and —. 1969b. “Diffusive and Convective Flow Across Membranes: Irreversible Thermodynamic Approach.”Science,163, 944–945.
— and —, 1969c. “Reply to Manning,” 1969.Science,166, 1438.
—— and E. A. Mason. 1971.Science,172, 858–859.
—, E. A. Mason and R. P. Wendt. 1972. “Reply to Sieving Behavior of a Series Membrane System.”Science,175, 557–558.
Ferry, J. D. 1936. “Statistical Evaluation of Sieve Constraints in Ultrafiltration.”J. Gen. Physiol. 20, 95–104.
Kedem, O. and A. Katchalsky. 1958. “Thermodynamic Analysis of the Permeability of Biological Membranes to Non-Electrolytes.”Biochem. Biophys. Acta,27, 229–246.
— and —. 1963. “Permeability of Composite Membranes. Part3. Series Array of Elements.”Trans. Faraday Soc.,59, 1941–1953.
Manning, G. S. 1969. “Irreversible Thermodynamics and Flow Across Membranes.”Science,166, 1438.
Mauro, A. 1957. “Nature of Solvent Transfer in Osmosis.”Science,126, 252–253.
Patlak, C. S., D. A. Goldstein and J. F. Hoffman. 1963. “The Flow of Solute and Solvent Across a Two-Membrane System.”J. Theor. Biol.,5, 426–442.
Snell, F. M. and B. Stein. 1966. “Onsager Reciprocal Relations in Complex Membranes.”J. Theor. Biol.,10, 177–183.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Axel, L. Flow limits of Kedem-Katchalsky equations for fluid flux. Bltn Mathcal Biology 38, 671–677 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02458641
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02458641