Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The kinematic structure of open-channel flows

  • Hydraulic Research on Hydraulic Structures
  • Published:
Hydrotechnical Construction Aims and scope

Conclusions

  1. 1.

    Flow turbulence. Turbulent eddy formations exert a substantial influence on the kinematic structure of openchannel flows.

  2. 2.

    Analysis of the field-based and experimental data that have been discussed here, which are the result of studies performed by numerous researchers as well as the present authors, persuasively demonstrate the presence of a formation of transverse eddies both in the central part of the flow as well as near the lateral walls. The formation is responsible for the distribution of the longitudinal flow rates along the length of a uniform turbulent flow.

  3. 3.

    It may be assumed that an eddy will arise in the zone located between the free surface and the lateral wall which is directed opposite to the eddy of the free surface (Figs. 1, 2, and 3). In the central part of the channel this will lead to twisting of the isotachs in the direction of the free surface, while in the area of the lateral walls, twisting in the direction of the slopes. This patterns occurs both in simple as well as in compound channels (Figs. 4 and 7).

  4. 4.

    There is a need for exhaustive investigations of the characteristics of the turbulent regime, and the conditions under which transverse turbulent eddy formations arise and affect the development of the longitudinal flow rates and their distribution across the width of the flow. Such investigations would be helpful in studying the kinematic structure of flow when attempting to estimate the conveyance capacity of currents, the stability of channel beds, and load transport.

  5. 4.

    Currently known dependences for describing the distribution of the averaged local flow rates do not adequately reflect the true picture in the most critical portion of a current — i.e., in the sloping portion. It is this portion which determines the conditions of stability of deformed channels of rivers and canals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. I. A. Sherenkov, Applied Planning Problems in the Hydraulics of Rapid Flow [in Russian], Énergiya, Moscow (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  2. D. V. Shterenlikht, Hydraulics [in Russian], Énergoatomizdat, Moscow (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  3. E. K. Rabkova, Planning and Design of Irrigation Channels in an Earthen Channels [in Russian], Lumumba People's Friendship University, Moscow (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  4. G. V. Zheleznyakov, The Converyance Capacity of Stream and Channel Channels [in Russian], Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  5. V. T. Chow, Hydraulics of Open Channels [in Russian], Stroiizdat, Leningrad-Moscow (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. I. Bogdanovich et al., “Experimental investigation of averaged flow rates in earthen channels,” Vodnoe Khozyaistvo i Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 13, Moscow (1984).

  7. F. D. Shnipov, “Experimental study of transverse circulation and local deformations of straight trapezoidal channels,” in: Modeling River Flow for the Solution of Hydroeconomic Problems [in Russian], Moscow (1985).

  8. E. V. Garanina, Conveyance Capacity of Simple Free-Flowing Channels [in Russian], Dissertation for the Degree of Candidate in Engineering, Lumumba People's Friendship University of Russia (1993).

  9. Said Ali Mokhamed, Conveyance Capacity of Channels with Floodplains [in Russian], Dissertation for the Degree of Candidate in Engineering, Lumumba People's Friendship University of Russia (1994).

  10. A. Tominala, J. Nezu, K. Ezaki, and K. Nakalava, “Three-dimensional turbulent structure in straight open channel flows,” H.R.,27, No. 1 (1989).

  11. A. J. Grass, “The influence of boundary layer turbulence on the mechanics of sediment,” Euromech. 156. Mechanics of Sediment Transport. Istanbul, 12–14 Yulz (1982).

  12. M. Nino, M. Kashwajanagi, A. Nakajama, and T. Naza, “Experiments on the turbulence statistics and the structure of a reciprocating oscillatory flow,” J. Fluid Mech.,131 (1983).

Download references

Authors
  1. E. V. Garanina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. K. Ponomarev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. K. Rabkova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 30–33, September, 1995.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Garanina, E.V., Ponomarev, N.K. & Rabkova, E.K. The kinematic structure of open-channel flows. Hydrotechnical Construction 29, 515–520 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02446557

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02446557

Keywords

Search

Navigation