Summary
In order to ascertain whether the intrinsic strength of human bone changes with age or not, we have determined the ultimate tensile strength and density of strips of femoral cortical bone. These femora were collected from cadavers varying in age from 13 to 97 years. The results show that both density and intrinsic strength of bone increase up to about the fourth decade of life and then decrease with age. However, the rate of decrease of strength is greater than that of density. This indicates that the density of bone is not the sole determining factor of its strength, and that some other factors play an important part.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Knowelden, J., Buhr, A.J., Dumbar, D.: Incidence of fracture in persons over 35 years of age, Br. J. Prev. Soc. Med.18:130–141, 1964
Nilsson, B.E.R., Smith, R.E.: The influence of breaking force of osteoporosis following fracture of the tibial shafts in rats, Acta Orthop. Scand.40:72–78, 1969
Wall, J.C., Chatterji, S., Jeffery, J.W.: Human femoral cortical bone: a preliminary report on the relationship between strength and density, Med. Biol. Eng.10:673–676, 1972
Wall, J.C., Chatterji, S.K.: Technical note: grips for holding small samples of bone during tensile testing, Med. Biol. Eng.13:309–310, 1975
Lindahl, O., Lindgren, A.G.H.: Cortical bone in man. I. Variation of the amount and density with age and sex, Acta Orthop. Scand.38:133–140, 1967
Atkinson, P.J., Weatherell, J.A.: Variation in the density of the femoral diaphysis with age, J. Bone Joint Surg.49B:781–788, 1967
Yamada, H.: In F.G. Evans (ed.): Strength of Biological Materials. Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1970
Burstein, A.H., Reilly, D.T., Markens, M.: Aging of bone tissue: mechanical properties, J. Bone Joint Surg.58A:82–86, 1976
Lindahl, O., Lindgren, A.G.H.: Cortical bone in man. II. Variation in tensile strength with age and sex, Acta Orthop. Scand.38:141–147, 1967
Sedlin, E.D.: A rheological model for cortical bone, Acta Orthop. Scand. Supp. 83, 1965
Evans, F.G., Lebow, M.: Regional differences in some of the properties of human femur, J. Appl. Physiol.3:563–572, 1951
Wall, J.C., Hutton, W.C., Cyron, B.M.: The effects of age and strain rate on the mechanical properties of bone. Proceedings of the IRCOBI International Meeting on Biomechanics of Trauma in Children, pp. 185–193, 1974
Seireg, A., Kempke, W.: Behavior ofin vivo bone under cyclic loading. J. Biomechan.2:455–461, 1969
Currey, J.A.: The effect of protection on the impact strength of rabbits' bones. Acta Anat.71:87–93, 1968
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wall, J.C., Chatterji, S.K. & Jeffery, J.W. Age-related changes in the density and tensile strength of human femoral cortical bone. Calcif Tissue Int 27, 105–108 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02441170
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02441170