Abstract
Two-fluid model and divisional computation techniques were used. The multispecies gas fully N-S equations were solved by upwind TVD scheme. Liquid phase equations were solved by NND scheme. The phases-interaction ODE equations were solved by 2nd Runge-Kutta approach. The favorable agreement is obtained between computational results and PLIF experimental results of iodized air injected into a supersonic flow. Then, the numerical studies were carried out on the mixing of CH4 and kerosene injected into a supersonic flow with H2 pilot injection. The results indicate that the penetration of kerosene approaches maximum when it is injected from the second injector. But the kerosene is less diffused compared with the gas fuels. The free droplet region appears in the flow field. The mixing mechanism of CH4 with H2 pilot injection is different from that of kerosene. In the staged duct, H2 can be entrained into both recirculation zones produced by the step and injectors. But CH4 can only be carried into the recirculation between the injectors. Therefore, initiations of H2 and CH4 can occur in those regions. The staged duct is better in enhancing mixing and initiation with H2 pilot flame.
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Abbreviations
- c i :
-
Mass fraction
- c ix , c iy , c iz :
-
Derivatives of gradient ofc i
- c p :
-
Constant pressure specific heat
- c D :
-
Drag coefficient
- d :
-
Droplet diameter
- D :
-
Total diffusion coefficient
- E :
-
Total energy per unit volume
- F :
-
Drag force of droplets
- f x,f y,f x :
-
Components ofF
- Ĥ g, Ĥ1 :
-
Source terms of gas and liquid
- Le :
-
Lewis number (Le=1)
- m :
-
Single droplet mass
- ns :
-
Total number of gas species
- Nu :
-
Nusselt number
- Pr :
-
Prandtl number
- Pr 1 :
-
Laminar Prandtl number
- Pr 1 :
-
Turbulent Prandtl number
- q :
-
Heat flux of gas
- q x,q y,q z :
-
Components ofq
- Qr :
-
Dynamic pressure ratio of jet to mainstream
- Re :
-
Slip Reynolds number between gas and droplet
- T :
-
Temperature
- U 1,E 1,F 1,G 1 :
-
Liquid flux vector inx, y, z directions
- U g,E g,F g,G g :
-
Gas flux vector inx, y, z directions
- u, v, w :
-
Components of velocityV inx, y, z directions
- t, x, y, z :
-
Time and coordinates in Cartesian system
- ρi :
-
Species density
- ϱ:
-
Total density
- μ:
-
Viscosity
- τ, ξ, η ζ:
-
Time and coordinates in transformed domain
- Δτ, Δξ, Δη, Δζ:
-
Time and space steps
- i :
-
ith species
- g:
-
Gas phase
- l:
-
Liquid phase, laminar flow
- t:
-
Turbulent flow
- x, y, z :
-
Derivatives respect tox, y, z or inx, y, z direction
- i, j, k :
-
node number
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Communicated by Lpi Jia-chun
Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19882005); China 863 High-Tec Project (863-2.99.9)
Biography: Xu Sheng-li (1965-), Associate Professor, Doctor
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Sheng-li, X., Peng-tao, Y. & Zhao-yuan, H. Numerical studies on the mixing of CH4 and kerosene injected into a supersonic flow with H2 pilot injection. Appl Math Mech 22, 468–477 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02438312
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02438312