Abstract
Asynchronous tetraploid mouse embryos were generated by electrofusion of fertilized eggs with blastomeres from different cleavage stages. The majority of the cytoplasm was always contributed by the egg. The best development was observed when eggs were fused with 2-cell blastomeres. Both genomes became active in fusion embryos (at least the genes for glucose phosphate isomerase did). Stage-specific protein synthesis seemed to be more adjusted to the developmental stage of the egg's than of the blastomere's genome, but at the 2-cell stage both contributed slightly differently to the protein patterns. Also, the time range of the first appearance of the stage-specific embryonic antigen SSEA-1 was wider in fusion embryos than in controls. It seems that the two genomes are not completely synchronized in these tetraploid embryos, a further indication that, in the mouse, the cytoplasm of fertilized eggs might not be compatible with older embryonic nuclei.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnes FL, Rohl JM, First NL (1987) Nuclear transplantation in mouse embryos: assessment of nuclear function. Biol Reprod 36:1267–1274
Cheong HT, Taniguchi T, Hishinuma M, Takahashi Y, Kanagawa H (1991) Effects of various electric fields on the fusion and in vitro development of mouse two-cell embryos. Theriogenology 36:875–885
Clegg KB, Pikó L (1982) RNA synthesis and cytoplasmic polyadenylation in the one-cell mouse embryo. Nature 295:342–345
Eglitis MA (1980) Formation of tetraploid mouse blastocysts following blastomere fusion with polyethylene glycol. J Exp Zool 213:309–313
Eglitis MA, Wiley LM (1981) Tetraploidy and early development: effects on developmental timing and embryonic metabolism. J Embryol Exp Morphol 66:91–108
Eppig JJ, Kozak LP, Eicher EM, Stevens LC (1977) Ovarian teratomas in mice are derived from oocytes that have completed the first meiotic division. Nature 269:517–518
Fulton BP, Whittingham DG (1978) Activation of mammalian oocytes by intracellular injection of calcium. Nature 273:149–151
Görg A, Postel W, Weser J, Guenther S, Hanash SM, Somerlot L (1987) Elimination of point streaking on silver stained two-dimensional gels by addition of iodoacetamide to the equilibration buffer. Electrophoresis 8:122–124
Henery CC, Bard JBL, Kaufman MH (1992) Tetraploidy in mice, embryonic cell number, and the grain of the developmental map. Dev Biol 152:233–241
Howlett SK, Barton SC, Surani MA (1987) Nuclear cytoplasmic interactions following nuclear transplantation in mouse embryos. Development 101:915–923
Kaufmann MH, Webb S (1990) Postimplantation development of tetraploid mouse embryos produced by electrofusion. Development 110:1121–1132
Kono T, Kwon OY, Watanabe T, Nakahara T (1992) Development of mouse enucleated oocytes receiving a nucleus from different stages of the second cell cycle. J Reprod Fert 94:481–487
Kubiak JZ, Tarkowski AK (1985) Electrofusion of mouse blastomeres. Exp Cell Res 157:561–566
Kurischko A, Berg H (1986) Electrofusion of rat and mouse blastomeres. Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 15:513–519
Love NK (1982) Postfertilization activation of stored maternal mRNA in the one-cell mouse egg. In: Beier HM, Karlson P (eds) Proteins and steroids in early pregnancy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 219–231
Marshall T (1983) Artefacts associated with Nonidet P40 upon sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of protein. Electrophoresis 4:436–438
McGrath J, Solter D (1983) Nuclear transplantation in the mouse embryo by microsurgery and cell fusion. Science 220:1300–1302
McGrath J, Solter D (1984) Inability of mouse blastomere nuclei transferred to enucleated zygotes to support development in vitro. Science 226:1317–1319
Mintz B, Gearhart JD, Guymont AO (1973) Phytohemagglutinin-mediated blastomere aggregation and development of allophenic mice. Dev Biol 31:195–199
Modlinski JA (1978) Transfer of embryonic nuclei to fertilised mouse eggs and development of tetraploid blastocysts. Nature 273:466–467
Modlinski JA (1981) The fate of inner cell mass and trophectoderm nuclei transplanted to fertilized mouse eggs. Nature 292:342–343
O'Farrell PH (1975) High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins. J Biol Chem 250:4007–4021
Ozil J-P, Modlinski JA (1986) Effects of electric field on fusion rate and survival of 2-cell rabbit embryos. J Embryol Exp Morphol 96:211–228
Petzoldt U (1986) Expression of two surface antigens and paternal glucose-phosphate isomerase in polyploid one-cell mouse eggs. Dev Biol 113:512–516
Petzoldt U (1991) Developmental profile of glucose phosphate isomerase allozymes in parthenogenetic and tetraploid mouse embryos. Development 112:471–476
Petzoldt U, Muggleton-Harris A (1987) The effect of the nucleocytoplasmic ratio on protein synthesis and expression of a stage-specific antigen in early cleaving mouse embryos. Development 99:481–491
Prather RS, Barnes FL, Sims MM, Rohl JM, Eyestone WH, First NL (1987) Nuclear transplantation in the bovine embryo: assessment of donor nuclei and recipient oocyte. Biol Reprod 37:859–866
Robl JM, Gilligan B, Critser ES, First NL (1986) Nuclear transplantation in mouse embryos: assessment of recipient cell stage. Biol Reprod 34:733–739
Smith LC, Wilmut I, Hunter RHF (1988) Influence of cell cycle stage at nuclear transplantation on the development in vitro of mouse embryos. J Reprod Fert 84:619–624
Snow MHL (1973) Tetraploid mouse embryos produced by Cytochalasin B during cleavage. Nature 244:513–515
Snow MHL (1975) Embryonic development of tetraploid mice during the second half of gestation. J Embryol Exp Morphol 34:707–721
Snow MHL (1976) The immediate postimplantation development of tetraploid mouse blastocysts. J Embryol Exp Morphol 35:81–86
Solter D, Knowles BB (1978) Monoclonal antibody defining a stage-specific mouse embryonic antigen (SSEA-1). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5565–5569
Surani MAH, Barton SC, Norris ML (1986) Nuclear transplantation in the mouse: heritable differences between parental genomes after activation of the embryonic genome. Cell 45:127–136
Taniguchi T, Cheong HT, Kanagawa H (1991) Fusion and development rates of single blastomere pairs of mouse two- and four-cell embryos using the electrofusion method. Theriogenology 36:645–654
Tsunoda Y, Yasui T, Shioda Y, Nakamura K, Uchida T, Sugie T (1987) Full-term development of mouse blastomere nuclei transplanted into enucleated two-cell embryos. J Exp Zool 242:147–151
Whittingham DG (1971) Culture of mouse ova. J Reprod Fert 14:7–21
Whittingham DG (1974) Embryo banks in the future of developmental genetics. Genetics 78:395–402
Willadsen SM (1986) Nuclear transplantation in sheep embryos. Nature 320:63–65
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Correspondence to: U. Petzoldt
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Eid, R., Petzoldt, U. Stage-specific gene expression in asynchronous tetraploid mouse embryos formed by fusion of blastomeres and fertilized eggs. Roux's Arch Dev Biol 202, 198–203 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02427880
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02427880