Summary
The four forcesK p ,K ϱ ,K η , andK g due to pressure, inertia, viscosity and gravity respectively, may be represented by the four corners of a tetrahedron whose 6 edges correspond to the dimensionless groups formed from the forces. The equations of hydrodynamics for the steady state which are shown to be represented by the volume, sides, or edges of the tetrahedron, can then be classified in eleven sets of 3, 2 or 1 dimensionless groups. For flow with two and more phases, many independent dimensionless groups occur which may or may not be a complete set to a given problem. A simple construction gives the answer.
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References
P. Grassmann, Chem.-Ing.-Techn.28, 270 (1956).
H. L. Langhaar,Dimensional Analysis and Theory of Models (John Wiley & Sons, New York, und Chapman & Hall Ltd., London 1951).
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Grassmann, P. Einordnung der Gleichungen der inkompressiblen, reibenden und schweren Flüssigkeit. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (ZAMP) 9, 307–311 (1958). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424754
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424754