Skip to main content
Log in

Line forming regions in active galaxies and their nuclei

  • Extragalactic Astronomy
  • Published:
Astrophysics and Space Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The spectra of active galaxies and their nuclei are rich in emission and absorption line features. A major aim of present research is the development of self-consistent hydrodynamic models for the production of the line-forming regions. We here review such modelling and stress the central role played by shock phenomena induced by winds and explosions on scales ranging from the circumstellar to the intergalactic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, S.F., Weymann, R.J., Foltz, C.B. & Chaffee, F.H.: 1987,Astron. J. 94, 278.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Arav, N., Li, Z.-Y. & Begelman, M.C.: 1994.Astrophys. J. 432, 62.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Begelman, M.C.: 1985,Astrophys. J. 277, 492.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Begelman, M.C. & Sikora, M.: 1992, in S.S. Holt, S.G. Neff & C.M. Urry (eds.),Testing the AGN Paradigm, AIP, New York, p. 568.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bode, M.F. & Kahn, F.D.: 1985,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 217, 205.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Colgate, S.A.: 1967,Astrophys. J. 150, 163.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Collin-Souffrin, S., Dyson, J.E., McDowell, J.C. & Perry, J.J.: 1987,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 232, 537.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbin, M.R.: 1991,Astrophys. J. 371, L51.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • de Kool, M. & Begelman, M.C.: 1995 (preprint).

  • Dyson, J.E.: 1981, in F.D. Kahn (ed.),Investigating the Universe, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, p. 125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyson, J.E.: 1994, in T.P. Ray & S.V.M. Beckwith (eds.),Star Formation and Techniques in Infrared and mm-Wave Astronomy, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyson, J.E. & Perry, J.J.: 1982, in E. Rolfe, A. Heck & B. Batrick (eds.),Proc. Third European IUE Conference, Madrid, p. 593.

  • Dyson, J.E., Falle, S.A.E.G. & Perry, J.J.: 1979,Nature 277, 118.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Dyson, J.E., Falle, S.A.E.G. & Perry, J.J.: 1980,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 191, 785.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Emmering, R.T., Blandford, R.D. & Shlosman, I.: 1992,Astrophys. J. 385, 460.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fabian, A.C., Guilbert, P.W., Arnaud, K., Shafer, R.A., Tennant, A.F. & Ward, M.J.: 1986,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 218, 457.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Falle, S.A.E.G., Perry, J.J. & Dyson, J.E.: 1981,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 195, 397.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Field, G.B.: 1964,Astrophys. J. 140, 143.

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Filippenko, A.: 1992, in W.J. Duschl & S.J. Wagner (eds.),Physics of Active Galaxies, Spring-Verlag, Berlin, p. 345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Filippenko, A., Ho, L.C., & Sargent, W.L.W.: 1993,Astrophys. J. 410, L75.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaetz, T.J., Edgar, R.J. & Chevalier, R.A.: 1988,Astrophys. J. 329, 927.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaskell, C.M.: 1988,Astrophys. J. 325, 114.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaskell, C.M.: 1994, in P.M. Gondhalekhar, K. Horne & B.M. Peterson (eds.),Reverberation Mapping of the Broad-Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei, ASP Conference Series, Vol. 69, San Francisco, p. 111.

  • Gull, S.F.: 1975,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 171, 237.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartigan, P., Raymond, J. & Hartmann, L.: 1987,Astrophys. J.,316, 323.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartquist, T.W., Durisen, R.H., Dyson, J.E., Rawlings, J.M.C., Williams, D.A. & Williams, R.J.R.: 1995,Astrophys. J. (in press).

  • Heckman, T.M.: 1991, in C. Leitherer, N.R. Walborn, T.M. Heckman, & C.A. Norman (eds.),Massive Stars in Starbursts, C.U.P., Cambridge, p. 289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckman, T.M.: 1992, in S.S. Holt, S.G. Neff & C.M. Urry (eds.),Testing the AGN Paradigm, AIP (New York), p. 593.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckman, T.M., Armus, L. & Miley, G.K.: 1990,Astrophys. J. Suppl. 74, 883.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Heckman, T.M., Lehnert, M.D. & Armus, L.: 1993, in J.M. Shull & H.A. Thronson (eds.),The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies, Kluwer Academic Publ., Dordrecht, p. 455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Innes, D.E., Giddings, J.R. & Falle, S.A.E.G.: 1987,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 227, 1021

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kahn, F.D.: 1976,Astron. Astrophys. 50, 145.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kazanas, D.: 1989,Astrophys. J. 347, 74.

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Koratkar, A., et al.: 1995, preprint.

  • Krolik J.H., McKee, C.F. & Tarter, B.: 1981,Astrophys. J. 249, 422.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lynden-Bell, D.: 1969,Nature 223, 690.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathews, W.G. & Ferland, G.J.: 1987,Astrophys. J. 323, 456.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathur, S., Wilkes, B., Elvis, M. & Fiore, F.: 1994,Astrophys. J. 434, 493.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Mestel, L., Moore, D.W. & Perry, J.J.: 1976,Astron. Astrophys. 52, 203.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Murray, N., Chiang, J., Grossman, S.A. & Voit, G.M.: 1995 (preprint).

  • Mushotzky, R.F., Done, C. & Pounds, K.A.: 1993,Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 31, 717.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Pagel, B.F.: 1985, in J.E. Dyson (ed.),Active Galactic Nuclei, Manchester Univ. Press, p. 373.

  • Pedlar, A., Dyson, J.E. & Unger, S.W.: 1985Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 214, 463.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, J.J.: 1992, in B. Rocca-Volmerange, B. Guideroni, M. Dennefeld & J. Tran Thanh Van (eds.),First Light in the Universe: Stars or QSOs?, Editions Frontières, Gif-sur-Yvette, p. 225. Perry, J.J., Burbidge, E.M. & Burbidge, G.R.: 1978,Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 90, 337.

  • Perry, J.J. & Dyson, J.E.: 1985,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 213, 665.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, J.J. & Dyson, J.E.: 1990,Astrophys. J. 213, 362.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, J.J. & Dyson, J.E.: 1992, in S.S. Holt, S.G. Neff & C.M. Urry (eds.),Testing the AGN Paradigm, AIP, (New York), p. 353.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry, J.J., van Groningen, E. & Wanders, I.: 1994,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 271, 561.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, B.: 1994, in P.M. Gondhalekhar, K. Horne & B.M. Peterson (eds.),Reverberation Mapping of the Broad-Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei, ASP Conference Series, San Francisco, vol. 69, p. 1.

  • Reynolds, C.S. & Fabian, A.C.: 1995,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 273, 1167.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, A.: 1995,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 272, 737.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Roos, N.: 1992,Astrophys. J. 385, 108.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Röser, H.-J.: 1979,Astron. Astrophys. 80, 179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scoville, N. & Norman, C.A.: 1988,Astrophy. J. 332, 163.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Scoville, N. & Norman, C.A.: 1995 (preprint).

  • Shields, G.A. & Oke, J.B.: 1975,Astrophys. J. 197, 5.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Shklovskii, I.S.: 1960,Sov. Astron. A.J. 4, 885.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.D. & Raine, D.J.: 1985,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 212, 425.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.D., Smarr, L., Norman, M.L. & Wilson, R.J.: 1983,Astrophys. J. 263, 432.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S.J.: 1993,Astrophys. J. 411, 570.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sulentic, J.W., Marziani, P., Dultzin-Hacyan, D., Calvani, M. & Moles, M.: 1995,Astrophys. J. 445, L85.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D., Dyson, J.E., Axon, D.J. & Pedlar, A.: 1989,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 240, 487.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D., Dyson, J.E. & Axon, D.J.: 1992,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 255, 351.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Terlevich, R., Tenorio-Tagle, G., Franco, J., Boyle, B., Rozyczka, M. & Melnick, J.: 1993, in B. Rocca-Volmerange, B. Guideroni, M. Dennefeld & J. Tran Thanh Van (eds.),First Light in the Universe: Stars or QSOs? Editions Frontières, Gif-sur-Yvette, p. 261.

  • Terlevich, R., Tenorio-Tagle, G., Rozyczka, M., Franco, J. & Melnick, J.: 1995,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 272, 198.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich, M.H.: 1988,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 230, 121.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Unger, S.W., Pedlar, A., Booler, R.V. & Hanson, B.A.: 1986,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 219, 387.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wanders, I.: 1995,Astron. Astrophys. 296, 332.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Weymann, R.J., Carswell, R.F. & Smith, M.G.: 1981,Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 19, 41.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Weymann, R.J., Schiano, A.V.R., Scott, J.S. & Christiansen, W.A.: 1982,Astrophys. J. 262, 497.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Whittle, M., Haniff, C.A., Ward, M.J., Meurs, E.J.A., Pedlar, A., Unger, S.W., Axon, D.J. & Harrison, B.A.: 1986,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 222, 189.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.E., Strittmatter, P.A., Carswell, R.F. & Craine, E.R.: 1975,Astrophys. J. 202, 296.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.J.R.: 1993, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Cambridge.

  • Williams, R.J.R. & Dyson, J.E.: 1994,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 270, L52.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.J.R., Hartquist, T.W. & Dyson, J.E.: 1995,Astrophys. J. 446, 759.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.J.R. & Perry, J.J.: 1994,Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc. 260, 437.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zurek, W.H., Siemiginowska, A. & Colgate, S.A.: 1994,Astrophys. J. 434, 46.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dyson, J.E., Williams, R.J.R. & Perry, J.J. Line forming regions in active galaxies and their nuclei. Astrophys Space Sci 237, 187–206 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424432

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02424432

Keywords

Navigation