Abstract
Real-time ultrasound sector scanning was used to image the posterior tongue. Depth of tongue grooving and distance of the tongue surface from the transducer face were measured in 7 normal subjects, for vowels in a standardized speech context and for dry swallows. Tongue postures for the vowels |æ| or |e| were most similar to the maximum grooving found in deglutition, which occurred approximately 300 ms prior to ultrasound evidence of initiation of the reflexive pharyngeal phase of swallowing.
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Hamlet, S.L., Stone, M. & Shawker, T.H. Posterior tongue grooving in deglutition and speech: Preliminary observations. Dysphagia 3, 65–68 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02412421
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02412421