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Evolution of mercury contamination in Brazil

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Abstract

This paper reviews the history off Ig contamination m Brazil by characterizing and quantifying two major sources of Hg emissions to the environment: industrial sources and gold mining industry was responsible for nearly 100% of total Hg emissions from the late 1940's to the early 1970's when efficient control policies were enforced, leading to a decrease in emissions. Gold mining on the other hand was nearly insignificant as a Hg source up to the late 1970's, but is presently responsible for over 80% of total emissions. Presently, over 210 t of Hg are released into the environment in Brazil annually. Nearly 170 t come from gold mining operations, 17 t come from chlor-alkali industry and 10 t come from all other industrial uses. Emissions to the atmosphere are the major pathway of Hg releases to the environment and reach over 160 tyr−1 with approximately 136 tyr−1 from gold mining.

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  1. Deartamento de Geoquimica, Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói, 24020-007 RJ, Brazil

    L. D. Lacerda

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  1. L. D. Lacerda
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Lacerda, L.D. Evolution of mercury contamination in Brazil. Water Air Soil Pollut 97, 247–255 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02407463

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