Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Radiation damage and high resolution electron microscopy of polydiacetylene crystals

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The relationship between radiation damage and the application of high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) to polydiacetylene single crystals has been examined. The damage is seen to occur by the decay of electron diffraction patterns and the loss of contrast in bright- and dark-field micrographs. The rate of damage was found to be different for the two polydiacetylene derivatives studied and to take place probably by cross-linking. It was found that lattice images from planes parallel to the chain direction with a spacing of 0.9±0.1 nm could be obtained from the most resistant derivative. Images of chain-end dislocations were obtained for the first time in a polymer crystal. The problems of applying HREM to polymers and the conditions for imaging individual molecules are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G. Van Tendeloo,J. Microsc.119 (1980) 125.

    Google Scholar 

  2. N. W. Jepps andT. F. Page,ibid.119 (1980) 177.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. A. Bursill andG. J. Wood,Phil. Mag.A38 (1978) 673.

    Google Scholar 

  4. V. E. Cosslett, R. A. Camps, W. O. Saxton, D. T. Smith, W. C. Nixon, H. Ahmed, C. J. D. Catto, J. R. A. Cleaver, K. C. A. Smith, A. E. Timbs, P. W. Turner andP. M. Ross,Nature281 (1979) 49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Murata, J. R. Fryer andT. Baird,J. Microsc.108 (1976) 261.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Y. Murata, J. R. Fryer, T. Baird andH. Murata,Acta Crystallogr.A33 (1977) 198.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. R. Fryer,ibid.A34 (1978) 603.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. J. R. Fryer,J. Microsc.120 (1980) 1.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. D. J. Smith andJ. R. Fryer,Nature291 (1981) 481.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Keller,Koll. Z. u. Z. Polym.231 (1969) 386.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. M. G. Dobb, D. J. Johnson andB. P. Saville,J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp.58 (1977) 237.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. K. Shimamura, J. R. Minter andE. L. Thomas,J. Mater. Sci. Lett.2 (1983) 54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. R. T. Read andR. J. Young,J. Mater. Sci.16 (1981) 2922.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Tsuji, S. Isoda, M. Ohara, A. Kawaguchi andK. Katayama,Polymer23 (1982) 1568.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D. T. Grubb,J. Mater. Sci.9 (1974) 1715.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. R. M. Glaeser in “Physical Aspects of Electron Microscopy and Microbeam Analysis”, edited by B. M. Siegel and D. R. Beaman (Wiley, New York, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. Zeitler, EMAG 1981,Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser.61 (Inst. Phys., London, 1981).

    Google Scholar 

  18. W. Jones, in “Surface and Defect Properties of Solids” (Chem. Soc. Spec. Period. Rep.)5 (1976) 65.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. D. J. Grubb andG. W. Groves,Phil. Mag.24 (1971) 815.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. L. E. Thomas, C. J. Humphreys, W. R. Duff andD. T. Grubb,Radiation Effects3 (1970) 89.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. J. R. Fryer,Proc. Roy. Microsc. Soc.17 (1982) 578.

    Google Scholar 

  22. N. Uyeda, J. Koboyashi, K. Ishizuka andY. Fujiyoshi,Chem. Scripta14 (1979) 47.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. R. J. Young, R. T. Read andJ. Petermann,J. Mater. Sci.16 (1981) 1835.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. R. J. Young andJ. Petermann,J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed.20 (1982) 961.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. G. Wegner,Z. Naturforsch.24b (1969) 824.

    Google Scholar 

  26. K. C. Yee andR. R. Chance,J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed.16 (1978) 431.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. A. Falls andE. L. Thomas, University of Massachusetts, private communication (1981).

  28. J. C. H. Spence, “Experimental High Resolution Electron Microscopy” (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  29. J. W. Edington, “Monographs in Practical Electron Microscopy in Materials Science”1 (MacMillan, London, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  30. R. C. Williams andH. W. Fisher,J. Mol. Biol.52 (1970) 121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. D. Kobelt andE. F. Paulus,Acta Crystallogr.B30 (1974) 232.

    Google Scholar 

  32. V. K. Enkelmann, R. J. Leyrer, G. Schleier andG. Wegner,J. Mater. Sci.15 (1980) 168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. J. Anstis andC. J. Humphreys, University of Oxford, private communication (1982).

  34. P. Predecki andW. O. Statton,J. Appl. Phys.37 (1966) 4053.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. J. M. Peterson,ibid.37 (1966) 4047.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. R. J. Young,Phil. Mag.30 (1974) 85.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials, Queen Mary College, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, London, UK

    R. T. Read & R. J. Young

Authors
  1. R. T. Read
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. J. Young
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Read, R.T., Young, R.J. Radiation damage and high resolution electron microscopy of polydiacetylene crystals. J Mater Sci 19, 327–338 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02403142

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02403142

Keywords

Search

Navigation