Abstract
Tests were conducted in glass cells containing moistened sand sprayed with the concentration recommended for the pesticide or with demineralised water (controls). Adult females (1–2 weeks old) ofA. bilineata were placed on the fresh residue in the cells and provided daily with fresh fly eggs as food. The duration of the test was 5 days, mortality being recorded every day. The side effects of the pesticide were expressed as reduction in egg production ofA. bilineata during the whole test period. Results permitted classification of the pesticides according to the 4 categories of harmfulness used by the IOBC working group. 23 pesticides were tested, and the reproducibility of the test appeared to be satisfactory.
Generally, insecticides/acaricides had a pronounced effect on the beetles whereas fungicides and herbicides were less detrimental. Exceptions were the insecticides Tedion V 18 and Kilval, classified as harmless, and the fungicides Morestan, Pomarsol forte and Afugan rated as moderately harmful. Among growth regulators Prosevor 85 was highly detrimental while Cycocel Extra and Rhodofix had no effects. Excepting Morestan, Pomarsol forte and Ustinex PA the pesticides did not affect the hatching of eggs.
Résumé
Des essais ont été réalisés dans des cellules de verre contenant du sable humide traité à la concentration recommandée pour le pesticide ou avec de l'eau déminéralisée comme témoin. Les femelles adultes d'A. bilineata âgées de ` à 2 semaines ont été placées dans les cellules sur le résidu frais et alimentées quotidiennement avec des œufs frais de mouche. La durée de l'essai était de 5 jours; la mortalité étant enregistrée quotidiennement. Les effets secondaires des pesticides s'exprimaient par la réduction du nombre d'œufs pondus parA. bilineata au cours de la période de l'essai. Les résultats permettaient de classer les pesticides selon les 4 catégories employées par le groupe de travail O.I.L.B. 23 pesticides ont été essayés et la reproductibilité de l'essai semblait satisfaisante.
En général, les insecticides/acaricides ont un effet marqué sur les Coléoptères, tandis que les fongicides et les herbicides sont moins préjudiciables. Font exception, les insecticides: Tedion V18 et Kilval, classés comme non nuisibles et les fongicides : Morestan, Pomarsol fort et Afugan donnés comme moyennement nuisibles. Parmi les régulateurs de croissance, le Provesor 85 était hautement toxique, tandis que le Cycocel Extra et le Rhodofix n'avaient aucun effet. A l'exception du Morestan, du Pomarsol fort et de l'Ustinex PA, les insecticides n'affectaient pas l'éclosion des œufs.
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The work was financed by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency.
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Samsøe-Petersen, L. Laboratory method for testing side-effects of pesticides on the rove beetleAleochara bilineata — Adults. Entomophaga 32, 73–81 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02390933
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02390933