Summary
Kinematic variables of the vertical jump (jumping height, jump phase durations and joint angles) were measured on 39 male physical education students. In addition, kinetic parameters of the hip and knee extensors, and of the plantar flexors (maxima voluntary force and its rate of development) were recorded on the same subjects, in isometric conditions. The results demonstrated significant positive correlations between kinetic parameters of the active muscle groups and jumping height (r=0.217−0.464). The dominant effect on these correlations was due to the knee extensors. Correlations between these parameters and the duration of the jump phases were much weaker. Correlation coefficients between kinetic parameters and limb angles in the lowest body position showed that fast force production in one muscle group was related to a significant decrease in the joint angles of distant body segments. Multiple correlation coefficients between leg extensor parameters and kinematic variables (ranging between 0.256 for the duration of the counter-movement phase and 0.616 for jump height) suggested that kinetic parameters could explain more than a quarter of the variability of this complex human movement. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that an extended set of measurements of the relevant musculo-skeletal system parameters could predict a considerable amount of the variability of human movement. However, high correlation coefficients between the same kinetic parameters of different muscle groups suggest that not all active muscle groups have to be included in the measurements.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Asmussen E, Bonde-Petersen F (1974) Storage of elastic energy in skeletal muscles in man. Acta Physiol Scand 91:385–392
Bell DG, Jacobs I (1986) Electro-mechanical response times and rate of force development in males and females. Med Sci Sports Exerc 18:31–36
Bobbert MF, Mackay M, Schinkelshoek D, Huijing PA (1986) Biomechanical analysis of drop and countermovement jumps. Eur J Appl Physiol 54:566–573
Bosco C, Komi PV (1979) Mechanical characteristics and fiber composition of human leg extensor muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol 41:275–284
Bosco C, Luhtanen P, Komi PV (1983) A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. Eur J Appl Physiol 50:273–282
Bosco C, Montanari G, Ribacchi R (1987) Relationship between the efficiency of muscular work during jumping and the energetics of running. Eur J Appl Physiol 56:138–143
Chapman AE, Harrower PT (1977) Linear approximation of muscle mechanics in isometric contraction. Biol Cybern 27:1–7
Close RI (1972) Dynamic properties of mammalian skeletal muscles. Physiol Rev 52:129–197
Close R, Hoh JFY (1967) Force: velocity properties of kitten muscles. J Physiol 192:815–822
Edgerton VR, Roy RR, Gregor RJ, Rugg S (1986) Morphological basis of skeletal muscle power output. In: Jones NL, McCartney N, McComas AJ (eds) Human muscle power. Human Kinetics, Champaign, USA
Ericson MO, Bratt A, Nisell R, Arborelius UP, Ekholm J (1986) Power output and work in different muscle groups during ergometer cycling. Eur J Appl Physiol 55:229–235
Fukashiro S, Komi PV (1987) Joint moment and power flow of the lower limb during vertical jump. Int J Sports Med [Suppl] 8:15–21
Gregoire L, Weeger HE, Huijing PA, Van Ingen Schenau GJ (1984) Role of mono- and biarticular muscles in explosive movements. Int J Sports Med 5:301–305
Hakkinen K, Komi PV, Kauhanen H (1986) Electromyographic and force production characteristics of leg extensor muscles of elite weight lifters during isometric, concentric, and various stretch-shortening cycle exercises. Int J Sports Med 7:144–151
Hubley CL, Wells RP (1983) A work-energy approach to determine individual joint contributions in vertical jump performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 50:247–254
Hudson JL (1986) Coordination of segments in the vertical jump. Med Sci Sports Exerc 18:242–251
Jaric S,. Gavrilovic P, Ivancevic V (1985) Effects of previous muscle contractions on cyclic movement dynamics. Eur J Appl Physiol 54:248–254
Luhtanen P, Komi PV (1978) Segmental contribution to forces in vertical jump. Eur J Appl Physiol 38:181–188
Maughan RJ, Watson JS, Weir J (1983) Relationships between muscle strength and muscle cross-sectional area in male sprinters and endurance runners. Eur J Appl Physiol 50:309–318
Simonsen EB, Thomsen L, Klausen K (1985) Activity of mono-and biarticular leg muscles during sprint running. Eur J Appl Physiol 54:524–532
Spector SA, Gardiner PF, Zernicke RF, Roy RR, Edgerton VR (1980) Muscle architecture and force-velocity characteristics of cat soleus and medial gastrocnemius: implications for motor control. J Neurophysiol 44:951–960
Thorstensson A, Grimby G, Karlsson J (1976a) Force-velocity relations and fiber composition in human knee extensor muscles. J Appl Physiol 40:12–16
Thorstensson A, Hulten B, Dobeln W, Karlsson J (1976b) Effect of strength training on enzyme activities and fiber characteristics in human skeletal muscle. Acta Physiol Scand 96:392–398
Tihanyi J, Apor P, Fekete Gy (1982) Force-velocity-power characteristics and fiber composition in human knee extensor muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol 48:331–343
Van Ingen Schenau GJ, Bobbert MF, Rozendal RH (1987) The unique action of bi-articular muscles in complex movements. J Anat 155:1–5
Vandewalle H, Peres G, Heller J, Panel J, Monod H (1987) Force-velocity relationship and maximal power on a cycle ergometer. Eur J Appl Physiol 56:650–656
Viitasalo JT, Bosco C (1982) Electromechanical behavior of human muscles in vertical jumps. Eur J Appl Physiol 48:253–261
Viitasalo JT, Komi PV (1978) Force-time characteristics and fiber composition in human leg extensor muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol 40:7–15
Woittiez RD, Huijing PA, Boom HBK, Rozendal RH (1984) A three-dimensional muscle model: a quantified relation between form and function of skeletal muscle. J Morphol 182:95–113
Yates JW, Kamon E (1983) A comparison of peak and constant angle torque-velocity curves in fast and slow-twitch populations. Eur J Appl Physiol 51:67–74
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jarić, S., Ristanović, D. & Corcos, D.M. The relationship between muscle kinetic parameters and kinematic variables in a complex movement. Europ. J. Appl. Physiol. 59, 370–376 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02389813
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02389813