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Summary

Analysis of fixation disparity curves in cases of convergence insufficiency, alternating hyperphoria and strabismus divergens periodicus leads to a sharper distinction between motor fusion and convergence. Motor fusion—including that in the direction of convergence—is a tonus sustained by fixation disparity. Convergence, on the other hand, points to monocular freedom within the binocular motor mechanism and can be sustained without motor assistance from fixation disparity. The same applies to vertical fusion in cases of alternating hyperphoria: This is a symptom of monocular freedom of the motor mechanism and not a result of fusion tonus. Some cases of strabismus divergens periodicus in which no anomalous fusion exists are completely, or almost completely, compensated by voluntary convergence.

Zusammenfassung

Die Analyse von Fixationsdisparationskurven in Fällen von Konvergenzschwäche, alternierender Hyperphorie und periodischem divergentem Schielen führt zu einer schärferen Unterscheidung von motorischer Fusion und Konvergenz. Motorische Fusion, auch in konvergenter Richtung, ist ein Tonus, der von Fixationsdisparation unterhalten wird. Konvergenz dagegen ist ein Zeichen monokularer Freiheit innerhalb der beidäugigen Koordination und kann im Stand erhalten werden ohne die motorische Hilfe einer Fixationsdisparation. Dasselbe gilt für die vertikale Fusion bei alternierender Hyperphorie. Gewisse Fälle von Strabismus divergens periodicus ohne anomale Fusion werden völlig oder nahezu völlig von willkürlicher Konvergenz kompensiert.

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Crone, R.A. Heterophoria. Albrecht von Graefes Arch. Klin. Ophthalmol. 177, 66–74 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02385147

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02385147

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