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Tolérance aux antimitotiques introduits dans la chambre antérieure de l'œil du chat

I. Introduction et observations cliniques

Tolerance to antimitotics introduced into the anterior chamber of the cat's eye

I. Clinical experiments

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Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Single doses of triethylenemelamin, actinomycin D, and vinblastin were given by injection into the anterior chamber of the cat's eye. The maximum doses did not exceed the maximum tolerated intravenous dose in man or were 10% of the LD50 for cats. The minimum doses were 10% of the corresponding maximum doses. The animals were observed 3 days after the unilateral injection, then at weekly intervals until they were sacrified one to three months later.

The maximum doses of triethylenemelamin and the high doses of actinomycin D produced severe bullous keratopathy. At intermediate and lower doses, triethylenemelamin was surprisingly well tolerated, even over a long period.

In the doses given actinomycin D was too toxic for cumulative experiments.

Vinblastin in duced cataracts in all doses after both short- and long-term study but, clinically, it did not alter the endothelium of the cornea, in contrast to triethylenemelamin and actinomycin D.

Résumé

La triéthylènemélamine, l'actinomycine D et la vinblastine sont administrées une fois dans la chambre antérieure des yeux de chats, à des doses ne dépassant pas la dose maximale tolérée par voie intraveineuse chez l'homme ou le 10% de la DL50, administrable au chat, et à des doses minimales correspondant à 10% de la dose maximale choisie. Chaque dose est injectée par kg de poids. Les altérations toxiques sont observées après 3 jours puis chaque semaine pendant 1 et 3 mois.

La triéthylènemélamine, aux doses intermédiaire et inférieure, est étonnamment tolérée à long terme par l'œil de chat. L'actinomycine D est trop toxique aux doses employées pour encourager un essai cumulatif. La vinblastine se révèle cataractogène à court et à long terme à toutes les doses employées. Elle n'altère cependant pas cliniquement l'endothélium cornéen comme la TEM et l'actinomycine D.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurde der Einfluß verschiedener Zytostatica auf das Katzenauge untersucht. Triäthylenmelamin, Actinomycin D und Vinblastin wurden je einmal in die Vorderkammer injiziert, wobei die Dosis nicht höher als die maximal tolerierte Dosis nach intravenöser Injektion beim Menschen war, oder dann der 10% LD50 bei der Katze entsprach. Die Minimaldosis betrug immer 10% der gewählten Maximaldosis; die Menge wurde pro kg Körpergewicht berechnet.

Der toxische Effekt wurde nach Ablauf von 3 Tagen und dann wöchentlich nach 1 und 3 Monaten beurteilt. Triaethylenmelamin in mittlerer und schwacher Dosierung findet sich auch während längerer Zeit vom Katzenauge erstaunlich gut vertragen. Actinomycin wirkt in der angewandten Dosierung so toxisch, daß ein kumulativer Versuch nicht durchzuführen ist. Vinblastin erweist sich sowohl im Kurz- wie im Langzeitversuch kataraktogen. Dabei werden allerdings die nach Injektion von TEM und Actinomycin beobachteten Veränderungen des Hornhautendothels nicht gefunden.

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  1. Universitäts-Augenklinik Inselspital, CH-3008, Bern, Schweiz

    A. F. Bétrix

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Bétrix, A.F. Tolérance aux antimitotiques introduits dans la chambre antérieure de l'œil du chat. Albrecht von Graefes Arch. Klin. Ophthalmol. 189, 265–279 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02384854

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