Abstract
Some oxides with the scheelite structure are well known mixed ionic and electronic conductors. This structure family, with the general composition ABO4, can be described as a layer structure derivative of the fluorite structure. The relations between the structural and the electrical transport properties of these materials have been investigated. The model system used in this work was BiVO4, which shows both electronic and ionic conduction.
Single crystals of bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) were grown using the Czochralski technique. Single crystal boules up to 55 mm in diameter and up to 30 mm long were produced. The crystallographic orientation was determined by the Laue method, and they were cleaved along [001] planes and polished to optically perfect cubes with an edge length of 5 mm.
Two-point ac impedance measurements in the temperature range between 550°C and 700°C were performed. The conductivities were measured as a function of the crystal orientation and showed strong anisotropy as expected from the crystal structure.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
6. References
A.W. Sleight and W.J. Linn, Ann. New York Acad. Sciences272, 23 (1976).
J.L. Callahan, R.K. Graselli, E.C. Milberger and H.A. Strecker, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Develop.9, 134 (1970).
T. Lu and B.C.H. Steele, Solid State Ionics21, 339 (1986).
I.C. Vinke, J. Diepground, B.A. Boukamp, K.J. de Vries, A.J. Burggraaf, Solid State Ionics57, 83 (1992).
N. Ramadass, T. Palanisamy, J. Gopalkrishnan, G. Aravamudan and M.C.V. Sastri Solid State Commun.17, 545 (1975).
N.P. Smolyaninov, I.N. Belyaev, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem.8, 632 (1963).
Y. Blinovskov, A. Fotiev, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem.32, 145 (1987).
M. Touboul, C. Vachon, Thermochimica Acta133, 61 (1988).
W. Zhou, J. Solid State Chem.76, 290 (1988).
J.D. Bierlein and A.W. Sleight, Solid State Commun.16, 69 (1975).
A.W. Sleight, H.Y- Chen and A. Ferretti, Mat. Res. Bull.14, 1571 (1979).
W.I.F. David, A.M. Glazer and A.W. Hewat, Phase Transitions1, 155 (1979).
W.I.F. David and I. G. Wood, Solid State Phys.16, 5127 (1983).
G. A. Anderson and W. D. Compton, J. Chem. Phys.52, 6166 (1970).
M. Sayer, J. Electrochem. Soc.119, 265 (1972).
E. F. Milan, J. Phys. Chem.33, 498 (1929).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hoffart, L., Heider, U., Huggins, R.A. et al. Crystal growth and conductivity investigations on BiVO4 single crystals. Ionics 2, 34–38 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02375866
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02375866