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Duration of development and longevity inAphidius ervi andAphidius platensis [Hym.: Aphidiidae], two parasites ofMyzus persicae [Hom.: Aphididae]

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Abstract

Rate of development and longevity were studied inAphidius ervi Haliday andAphidius platensis Brèthes, two parasites of the green peach aphid,Myzus persicae Sulz. On paprika,A. ervi developed from egg to adult in 27.3 days (at 15°C) and 19.9 days (21°C),A. platensis in 19.9 days (15°C), 15.6 days (21°C) and 12.4 days (24°C). The period from oviposition to mummification was in both species roughly twice as long as the period from mummification to adult emergence. Males emerged slightly before females.

Given water and honey,A. ervi lived 15.4 days (♂) and 13.1 days (♀) at 21°C. The effect of temperature on longevity was tested inA. platensis on this diet: at 15°C, 9.2 days (♂) and 7.9 days (♀); at 21°C, 12.0 days (♂) and 13.4 days (♀); and at 24°C, 7.4 days (♂) and 8.4 days (♀). When supplied only with water, both species lived for 1–3 days. When aphid-infested leaves were added, longevity increased by 3.5 days (A. platensis). The maximal longevity, obtained with water and honey, was somewhat reduced when leaves were added, probably due to mating and oviposition activities (A. ervi). Longevity was not significantly influenced by the different host plants during parasite development. Differences in longevity between the sexes were small and dependent on temperature and food.

Résumé

La durée du développement et la longévité ont été étudiées chezAphidius ervi Haliday etAphidius platensis Brèthes, deux parasites deMyzus persicae Sulz. A. ervi s'est développé depuis l'œuf jusqu'à l'adulte en 27,3 jours (15°C) et en 19,9 jours (21°C),A. platensis en 19,9 jours (15°C), 15,6 jours (21°C) et 12,4 jours (24°C).

La période depuis la ponte jusqu'à la momification du puceron, chez les deux espèces, a été deux fois plus longue environ que la période depuis la momification jusqu'à l'éclosion des imagos. Les mâles ont éclos peu de temps avant les femelles.

Avec de l'eau et du mielA. ervi a vécu 15,4 jours (♂) et 13,1 jours (♀) à 21°C. L'effet de la température sur la longévité dans ces conditions d'alimentation a été étudié chezA. platensis: à 15°C 9,2 jours (♂) et 7,9 jours (♀), à 21°C 12,0 jours (♂) et 13,4 jours (♀), et à 24°C 7,4 jours (♂) et 8,4 jours (♀).

Avec de l'eau seulement les deux espèces ont vécu 1 à 3 jours. En présence de feuilles infestées par des pucerons, la longévité augmente de 3,5 jours (A. platensis). Si des feuilles sont fournies avec de l'eau et du miel, la longévité se réduit un peu, comparée avec celle obtenue avec de l'eau et du miel seulement, probablement par suite des activités de ponte ou d'accouplement (A. ervi). La longévité n'a pas été significativement influencée par les différentes plantes hôtes pendant le développement du parasite. Les différences de longévité ont été faibles et elles dépendent de la température et de la nourriture.

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  1. Department of Zoology, Agricultural University of Norway, Box 46, N-1432, Aas-NLH, Norway

    T. Hofsvang & Eline Benestad Hågvar

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  1. T. Hofsvang
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  2. Eline Benestad Hågvar
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Hofsvang, T., Hågvar, E.B. Duration of development and longevity inAphidius ervi andAphidius platensis [Hym.: Aphidiidae], two parasites ofMyzus persicae [Hom.: Aphididae] . Entomophaga 20, 11–22 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373446

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