Abstract
Effects of 67 herbicides — several of which were mixtures — and plant growth regulators on adult females of the rove beetle,Aleochara bilineata, were investigated in the laboratory. The pesticides were tested in concentrations equivalent to the highest recommended dosages for practical use. Mortality, egg production and hatch of the eggs were measured.
Most herbicides had no serious effect on any of the parameters recorded. Among the urea herbicides, however, several showed adverse effects on egg production and/or hatch of the eggs laid. The strongest effect was exerted by methabenzthiazuron that impeded hatch of the eggs completely. Bromoxynil, pyridate and haloxyfod reduced survival, egg production and/or egg hatch to some degree, while carbaryl, which is also used as a plant growth regulator, killed all the beetles immediately. The usefulness of dose-response-studies and the importance of measuring sublethal effects are stressed, and the choice of herbicides showing no toxic effects is recommended.
Résumé
Des expériences ont été faites au laboratoire pour tester les effets de 67 herbicides — dont plusieurs étaient des mélanges — et régulateurs de croissance des plantes sur les femelles adultes d'Aleochara bilineata. Les pesticides ont été testés à des concentrations équivalant aux dosages les plus élevés recommandés pour l'usage agricole. La mortalité, la production et l'éclosion des oeufs ont été mesurés.
La plupart des herbicides n'ont pas d'effet important sur aucun des paramètres retenus. Parmi les herbicides à base d'urée cependant, plusieurs montrent des effets négatifs sur la production d'oeufs et/ou l'éclosion des oeufs. L'effet le plus fort a été provoqué par le métabenzthiazuron qui empêchait complètement l'éclosion des oeufs. Le bromoxynil, le pyridate et l'haloxyfop réduisaient la survie, la production d'œufs et/ou, jusqu'à un certain point, l'éclosion des œufs. Le carbaryl par contre, qui est aussi employé comme régulateur de croissance des plantes, tuait immédiatement tous les staphylins. L'utilité des études dose-réponse et l'importance de mesurer les effets sublétaux sont soulignés; le choix des herbicides ne montrant pas d'effet toxiques est recommandé.
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Samsøe-Petersen, L. Effects of 67 herbicides and plant growth regulators on the rove beetleAleochara bilineata (Col.: Staphylinidae) in the laboratory. Entomophaga 40, 95–104 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372685
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372685