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Etudein vitro de la reprise de la respiration racinaire chez la Moutarde et le Colza après une période de sécheresse

In vitro study of root respiration recovery following a drought stress period

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Résumé

La respiration racinaire de plantes de Moutarde blanche (Sinapis alba L.) et de Colza (Brassica napus L. var.Oleifera M.), cultivées en conditions d'arrosage ou de dessèchement, a été mesurée par la méthode manométrique de Warburg. Une relation étroite est mise en évidence entre l'intensité respiratoire des racines et leur indice d'hydratation. Lorsque les plantes ont été soumises à une longue période de sécheresse, la reprise de l'activité respiratoire, suivie après réhydration des racines, montre une récupération rapide et complète. La respiration se maintient ensuite pendant plusieurs jours au niveau de référence des plantes arrosées. Le pic d'intensité respiratoire élevé, obtenu réguliérement vers la 25 ème heure après réhydration des racines parvenues à un stade de dessèchement très sévère, voire irréversible, semble lié à la reprise d'activité rapide et fugace d'une microflore rhizosphérique. Une telle hypothèse est suggérée par le retard ou même la suppression totale de ce pic obtenus par l'emploi du chloramphénicol lors de la réhydration.

Ces résultats montrent le haut degré de résistance des racines de ces espèces et de la microflore associée à la dessication extrême du milieu, ainsi que leur capacité de récupération immédiate après réhydration.

Summary

Root respiration of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and rape plants (Brassica napus L. var.oleifera M.), dehydrated or watered during growth, was measured manometrically. A close relationship was observed between the respiratory activity and the relative water content or hydratation index of the roots. In plants subjected to a long period of drought stress, root respiration measured after rehydration, showed a rapid recovery and was maintained during a few days at the constant reference level of watered plants. The substantial increase in respiratory activity, regularly occuring from the 25th hour onwards after rehydration of highly desiccated roots, appeared to be related to the recovery of mibrobial activity at the root surfaces. The use of chloramphenicol allowed to delay or avoid the occurrence of the microbial respiration recovery.

These results show the high degree of resistance of mustard and rape roots, and of their associated microorganisms, to severe and prolongedin situ desiccation, as well as their ability to recover rapidly after rehydration.

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Vartanian, N., Chauveau, M. Etudein vitro de la reprise de la respiration racinaire chez la Moutarde et le Colza après une période de sécheresse. Plant Soil 92, 255–264 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372639

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372639

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