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Biological control ofAphis pomi [Hom.: Aphididae] ofAphidoletes aphidimyza [Dip.: Cecidomyiidae]; a predator-prey model

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Abstract

Predation ofAphis pomi DeGeer [Hom.: Aphididae] byAphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) [Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae] was simulated in Michigan apple orchards using a computer and output validated against field data collected from sleeve cages enclosing aphid infested apple terminals. Lower and upper temperature thresholds for development were 2.9 and 35°C for nymphs ofA. pomi with a mean immature developmental period of 162.3 heat units. Median survivorship of adultA. pomi was 364.3 heat units with an average fecundity of 60.7 offspring per female.A. aphidimyza egg and larval lower threshold and developmental periods were 10.5 and 25.5, 8.1°C and 65.5 heat units, respectively. Larval functional response showed Type II behavior with a y-asymptote of 45 aphids killed per predator. Multiple generation model runs performed under different initial predator: prey densities indicated that current critical predator: prey ratios used in the field for control decisions may underestimate predator efficacy.

Résumé

La prédation d'A. pomi parAphidoletes aphidimyza a été simulée dans un verger de pommiers du Michigan en employant un ordinateur et les résultats ont été validés par comparaison aux données récoltées à partir de cages de mousseline enfermant des pousses terminales de pommiers infestées d'Aphides. Les seuils de température inférieur et supérieur pour le développement étaient 2.9 et 35°C pour les larves d'A. pomi avec une durée moyenne de développement de 162.3(degré/jour). La survie moyenne d'un adulte d'A. pomi était de 364,3 (degré/jour) avec une fécondité moyenne de 60,7 descendants/♀. Le seuil inférieur et la durée de développement étaient respectivement pour l'œuf d'A. aphidimyza 10,5°C et 25,5 (degré/jour) et pour la larve 8,1°C et 65.5 (degré/jour).

La réponse fonctionnelle des larves était du type II avec sur les ordonnées une asymptote de 45 aphides tués/prédateur. L'utilisation d'un modèle à générations multiples à partir de différentes densités prédateurs/proies indiquait que les rapports critiques courants prédateurs/proie employés à l'extérieur pour décider d'un intervention peuvent sous estimer l'efficacité du prédateur.

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Author notes

  1. J. G. Morse

    Present address: Department of Entomology, University of California, 92521, Riverside, CA, USA

  2. B. A. Croft

    Present address: Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 48824, E. Lansing, MI, USA

    J. G. Morse & B. A. Croft

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  1. J. G. Morse
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  2. B. A. Croft
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Morse, J.G., Croft, B.A. Biological control ofAphis pomi [Hom.: Aphididae] ofAphidoletes aphidimyza [Dip.: Cecidomyiidae]; a predator-prey model. Entomophaga 32, 339–356 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372443

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372443

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