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Egg parasitism of the yellow rice borer,Scirpophaga incertulas [Lep.: Pyralidae] in Bangladesh deepwater rice

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Abstract

Studies on deepwater rice in Bangladesh from 1977 to 1980 showed that 61–89% of the egg masses of the yellow rice borer,Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), were attacked by hymenopterous parasites. Egg parasitism increased from 43–48% in broods 2–4 (May–August) to 64–88% in broods 5–6 (September–November). Parasitism was reduced in broods 4 and 5 in 1979 (because of lower host densities) and in 1980 (possibly due to extreme late flooding).

Telenomus rowani (Gahan), active throughout the year, parasitized 64% of the eggs in the masses it attacked, 32 larvae/mass surviving.Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferrière first appearing at medium host densities, increased rapidly to attack half of the brood 5 and 6 masses. More than 98% of the eggs in the attacked masses were parasitized, leaving only 1.6 surviving larvae/mass. In 1979 its appearance was delayed by 10 weeks and fewer masses were parasitized due to lower host densities.Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead andTelenomus sp. (a new record) were less important. Multiple parasitism of masses rose from 7% in brood 2 to 28% in brood 5.

Egg parasites clearly reduce the numbers ofS. incertulas, a major pest, and thus probably improve the yields of deepwater rice.

Résumé

Les études faites de 1977 à 1980 dans les rizières inondées du Bangladesh montrent que 61 à 89% des pontes du foreur jaune du riz,Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) sont attaquées par des hyménoptères parasites. Le parasitisme des œufs s'accroît de 43–48% aux générations 2 à 4 (mai à août) jusqu'à 64–88% aux générations 5 et 6 (septembre à novembre). Ce parasitisme a été plus faible pour les générations 4 et 5 en 1979, à cause des densités moins élevées en hôtes, et en 1980 probablement en raison d'une mise en eau très tardive.

Telenomus rowani (Gahan), actif toute l'année, parasite 64% des œufs dans les pontes attaquées, de sorte que 32% des larves survivent par ponte.Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferrière, qui se manifeste le premier pour les densités moyennes en hôte, augmente rapidement en nombre et attaque la moitié des pontes des générations 5 et 6. Plus de 98% des œufs dans les pontes attaquées sont parasitées, laissant seulement 1,6 larve survivante par ponte. En 1979, son activité fut retardée de 10 semaines et moins de pontes furent parasitées à cause des densités moindres en hôtes.Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead etTelenomus sp. (parasite nouveau) furent moins importants. Le parasitisme multiple des pontes passe de 7% à la 2ème génération à 28% à la 5ème génération.

Ces parasites d'œufs réduisent nettement les populations deS. incertulas et, de ce fait, augmentent vraisemblablement les rendements en riz.

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Catling, H.D., Islam, Z. & Alam, B. Egg parasitism of the yellow rice borer,Scirpophaga incertulas [Lep.: Pyralidae] in Bangladesh deepwater rice. Entomophaga 28, 227–239 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02372173

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