Abstract
In 1974, an application of the microsporidan,Nosema pyrausta (Paillot, 1927)Kotlan, 1928, with a back-pack type sprayer (22.5×107 spores/plant) to whorl stage maize infested with European corn borers,Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) reduced the number of larvae/plant by 48.1% and produced an infection of 15.3×104 spores/mg of larval weight in 62.1% of the collected larvae. In 1975, applications of 24.3×107 spores/plant to similar maize, in 2 separate tests, reduced the number of larvae/plant by 18.8 and 43.8% and caused an infection of 14.3 and 19.1×104 spores/mg of larval weight in 65.9 and 63.3% of the collected larvae. Also, in 1975, applications of 24.3×107 spores/plant to pollen shedding maize in 2 separate tests reduced the number of larvae/plant by 17.2 and 14.1% and caused an infection of 24.3 and 27.2×104 spores/mg of larval weight in 99.2 and 95.2% of the collected larvae.
Résumé
La microsporidie,Nosema pyrausta (Paillot, 1927;Kotlan, 1928) a été appliquée avec un pulvérisateur à dos, sur du maïs à la phase du verticille et sur du maïs émettant le pollen, attaqués par la pyrale du maïs sansNosema. Ces 2 stades de croissance du maïs correspondent à la 1re et à la 2e génération de la pyrale du maïs,Ostrinia nubilalis dans l'Iowa.
Une suspension aqueuse de spores deN. pyrausta a été appliquée sur le verticille de la plante pour des essais sur la 1re génération et aux 3 nœuds au-dessus et au-dessous de l'épi pour les essais sur la 2e génération. En 1974 (1re génération),N. pyrausta a abaissé le nombre de larves par plante de 48,1% et a causé une infection de 15,3×104 spores/mg de larve chez 62,1% des insectes récoltés. En 1975 (1re génération),N. pyrausta a abaissé le nombre de larves par plante de 18,8% et 43,8% dans 2 essais et a causé une infection de 24,3 et 27,2×104 spores/mg de larve chez 65,9% et 63,3% des larves récoltées. En 1975 (2e génération),N. pyrausta a abaissé le nombre de larves par plante de 17,2% et 14,1% dans 2 essais et a causé une infection de 24,3 et 27,2×104 spores/mg de larve chez 99,2% et 95,2% des insectes collectés. L'impact de cette application sur les populations de pyrale ultérieures est discuté.
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Journal Paper No. 8735 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 2183.
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Lewis, L.C., Lynch, R.E. Foliar application ofNosema pyrausta for suppression of populations of European corn borer. Entomophaga 23, 83–88 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371995
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371995