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A comparative study of the effect of some pesticides on three predacious mite species:Typhlodromus pyri, Amblyseius potentillae andA. bibens [Acarina: Phytoseiidae]

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Abstract

Toxicological responses to 10 different pesticides were determined for 3 species of typhlodromid mites,Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten,Amblyseius potentillae Garman, andA. bibens Blommers, in order to investigate whether or notA. bibens might be used as a substitute for the 2 other species as a testing object for measuring adverse effects of pesticides.

T. pyri andA. potentillae are important predators in orchards on phytophagous mites. These species can be reared on the common spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch, but they seem averse to the webbing of the spider mite. When placed on detached bean leaves on moist cotton wool withT. urticae present as prey, these typhlodromids tend to run off the leaves, especially when in addition such leaves have been treated with pesticides.A. bibens on the other hand will stay on the leaves when prey is present; it seems to be attracted by the webbing of the spider mite. This makesA. bibens an attractive testing object. In the present study the 3 species mentioned were tested comparatively in closed cells to see whether or not there might be differences in intrinsic susceptibility to pesticides. Mortality of adults, the effect on reproduction, and the mortality of eggs and juveniles were determined. It was found thatA. bibens can reasonably well replace other typhlodromids as a testing objeot for obtaining information on adverse effects of pesticides in orchards.

Résumé

Les effets toxiques de 10 pesticides sur 3 espèces de typhlodromes,Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten,Amblyseius potentillae Garman etA. bibens Blommers ont été examinés afin de déterminer si on peut employer ou nonA. bibens à la place des 2 autres espèces en tant qu'espèce test pour la mesure des effets nocifs des pesticides.

t. pyri etA. potentillae sont d'importants prédateurs d'acariens phytophages en vergers. Ces espèces peuvent être élevées sur l'acarien commun,Tetranychus urticae Koch, mais présentent des réactions de répulsion à la soie de ce tetranyque. Placés sur des feuilles de haricot plantées dans du coton humide avecT. pyri comme proie, ces typhlodromes ont tendance à quitter les feuilles, surtout si elles ont été traitées par des pesticides.A. bibens, par contre, demeure sur les feuilles en présence de la proie et semble attiré par le tissage de l'acarien. Ce fait rend intéressantA. bibens.

Dans ce travail les 3 espèces ont été étudiées comparativement dans des cellules fermées, afin de montrer si elles font preuve de différences dans leur sensibilité intrinsèque aux pesticides, d'après la mortalité des adultes, la reproduction et la mortalité des œufs et des jeunes. On a trouvé queA. bibens peut très bien remplacer les autres typhlodromes comme espèce-test.

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  1. Laboratory of Experimental Entomology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

    W. P. J. Overmeer & A. Q. van Zon

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  1. W. P. J. Overmeer
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  2. A. Q. van Zon
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Overmeer, W.P.J., van Zon, A.Q. A comparative study of the effect of some pesticides on three predacious mite species:Typhlodromus pyri, Amblyseius potentillae andA. bibens [Acarina: Phytoseiidae]. Entomophaga 26, 3–9 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371829

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