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Parasites of rice stemborers in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo)

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Abstract

Observations on parasites were made during a study of the following rice stem-borers in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo):Tryporyza incertulas (Walker),T. innotata (Walker),Chilo suppressalis (Walker)C. auricilia (Dudgeon), andSeamia inferens (Walker).

Egg-parasitism was often high, but that of the larval and pupal stages generally very low. Between 40–80% of theTryporyza eggs were parasitised byTelenomus rowani (Gahan), while 30–50% were attacked byTetrastichus schoenobii Ferrière. About 40–90% of the eggs ofChilo were parasitised byTrichogramma? japonicum Ashmead and 5–26% byTelenomus dignus (Gahan).

Only 0.4–3% of theTryporyza larvae were parasitised by a Braconid,Rhaconotus schoenobivorus (Rohwer), whileBracon chinensis Szepligeti attacked 0.2–0.7% of the larvae ofC. suppressalis. Parasitism ofSesamia larvae byApanteles flavipes Cameron was equally low, never exceeding 2%. Pupal parasitism was somewhat higher.Tetrastichus israeli (Mani & Kurian) attacked 8% and 18% of the pupae ofC. suppressalis andS. inferens, respectively, while the Ichneumonid,Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg) attacked up to 3% of the pupae of the former species.

The immature stages of some of these parasites are described.

Résumé

Des observations sur la biologie des parasites de divers Lépidoptères ravageurs du riz ont été faites de 1964 à 1968 à Sarawak (Malaisie, Bornéo). Les espèces hôtes étaientChilo suppressalis (Walker),C. auricilia (Dudgeon),Tryporyza incertulas (Walker),T. innotata (Walker) etSesamia inferens (Walker). Les larves et les nymphes de quelques espèces parasites sont décrites. Le parasitisme des œufs était parfois élevé.Trichogramma? japonicum Ashmead parasite de 40 à 90% des œufs deChilo. Telenomus rowani (Gohan) etTetrastichus schoenobii Ferrière parasitent de 10 à 60% des œufs deTryporyza. Les œufs deSesamia ne sont que rarement attaqués parTelenomus sp. Le parasitisme des larves était tout à fait minime. De 0,4 à 3% des larves deT. incertulas sont parasitées parRhaconotus schoenobivorus Rohwer; seulement 0,2 à 0,7% des larves deChilo sont parasitées parBracon chinensis Szepligeti, et 0,3 à 2% des larves deSesamia parApanteles flavipes Cameron.

Le parasitisme des chrysalides était un peu plus élevé. De 1 à 20% des chyrsalides deChilo et deSesamia étaient attaquées parTetrastichus israeli (Mani & Kurian), et de 1 à 37% des chrysalides deTryporyza et deChilo parXanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg).

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  1. G. H. L. Rothschild

    Present address: c/o Division of Entomology, C.S.I.R.O., Canberra, A.C.T., Australia

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  1. Department of Agriculture, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia

    G. H. L. Rothschild

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Rothschild, G.H.L. Parasites of rice stemborers in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo). Entomophaga 15, 21–51 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371624

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