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Control of PaCO2 during mechanical ventilation: Monitoring and feedback techniques

  • Respiratory Assistance and Patient Monitoring
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Abstract

With the loss of respiratory function, mechanical ventilation is used to provide respiratory support. Ventilation is adjusted to provide homeostasis through the measurement and control of arterial PCO2. Ventilation monitoring techniques including off-line blood gas analysis, intramuscular electrodes, transcutaneous monitoring, and expired gas analysis provide the necessary data for the control of ventilation. In some clinical situations it may be advantageous to have the ventilation controlled automatically by a closed-loop system. These approaches have used end-tidal CO2 monitoring, metabolic measurements and intraarterial sensors. Feedback control has also been suggested for differential lung ventilation in the difficult to manage patient with unilateral pulmonary injury. Accurate alveolar gas sampling, drift of intraarterial sensors, and understanding of transcutaneous PCO2 measurements are areas where advances are still needed.

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  1. Departments of Anesthesiology, Bioengineering, and Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah

    Dwayne R. Westenskow

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  1. Dwayne R. Westenskow
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Westenskow, D.R. Control of PaCO2 during mechanical ventilation: Monitoring and feedback techniques. Ann Biomed Eng 9, 659–667 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02364778

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