Abstract
Developments and applications of on-line nuclear gauges in the coal industry are highly requested. In this work, a nuclear ash gauge for coal, based on γ-ray transmission techniques is developed. Single and dual energy γ-ray beams are used to determine the ash content of coal. The percentage ash content as a function of the γ-ray intensities transmitted through coal samples is measured and sensitivity curves are obtained. An empirical formulation relating the ash content values to the γ-ray intensities is derived. Preliminary results show that both single and dual energy γ-ray transmission techniques can be used to give a rapid on-line estimation of the ash concentration values in coal with low cost and reasonable accuracy, but the dual one is much preferable.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Cammack, A. Balint, Transaction SME, 260 (1976) 361.
C. G. Clayton, M. R. Wormald, Intern J Appl. Radiation Isotopes, 34 (1983) 3.
E. J. Uwah, C. O. Udeh, J. Radioanal. Nucl. chem., 132 (1989) 11.
E. J. Uwah, Nucl. Geophys., 5 (1991) 339.
Ma-Yonghe, Luo-Xiangdong, Yang-Dazhan, Nucl. Sci. Techn., 4 (1993) 95.
M. Borsaru, C. Ceravolo, G. Carson, T. Tchen, Intern. J. Appl. Radiation Isotopes, 48 (1997) 715.
J. S. Wykes, J. D. Hoddy, I. Adsley, G. M. Croke, G. J. Haines Nucl. Geophys., 3 (1989) 203.
B. D. Sowerby, Nucl. Geophys., 5 (1991) 491.
P. M. Taylor, Min. Eng., 149 (1989) 205.
Private communications.
J. Felsteiner, P. Pattison, Nucl. Instr. Meth., 124 (1975) 449.
J. J. Battista, M. J. Bronskill, Phys. M. Biol., 23 (1978) 1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rizk, R.A.M., El-kateb, A.H. & Abdul-kader, A.M. On-line nuclear ash gauge for coal based on gamma-ray transmission techniques. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 242, 139–145 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02345907
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02345907