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Failure to detect viral genomic sequences of three viruses (herpes simplex, simian virus 40 and adenovirus) in human and rat brain tumors

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Abstract

Little is known about oncogenesis in brain tumors. Viruses are thought to be involved in some neurological diseases, the presence of subfractions of viral DNA has been reportedin various circumstances and the oncogenicity of some viruses has been demonstrated in animal experiments. The discovery of homologies between retroviral ancogenes and normal cellular genes (proto-oncogenes) has stimulated once again the search for viral responsability in oncogenesis. Having a large bank of tumor material available, we systematically examined 39 brain tumors usign Southern blot hybridization with DNAs of three viruses, known to be involved in neurological diseases: herpes simplex virus (HSV), simian virus 40 (SV40) and adenovirus type 2 (Ad 2).

We detected no homology between the DNAs of the examined material and the viral DNA probes. We compare these negative results with those of other published studies and discuss the experimental conditions, with special reference to the possibility of non-specific hybridization, which could account for the positive results reported. The present negative results could be interpreted either as absence of involvement of the three investigated viruse in brain tumor oncogenesis, or an indirect involvement through a hit-and-run mechanism or a highly dispersed state of the viral sequences among the host genome, which would prevent hybridization with the probe, as it has been supposed to be the case during the latency phase of herpes virus.

Sommario

Poco si sa su oncogenesi dei tumori cerebrali. Si pensa che i virus siano coinvolti in alcune malattie neurologiche e la presenza di sottofrazioni di DNA virale è stata riportata in varie cirkostanze e l'oncogenicità di alcuni virus è stata dimostrata in animali da esperimento. Inoltre la scoperta di omologia tra gli oncogeni retrovirali e i normali geni cellulari ha stimolato la ricerca sulla responsabilità virale dell'oncogenesi.

Gli Autori hanno sistematicamente esaminato 39 tumori cerebrali usando la ibridizzazione con DNA di 3 virus coinvolti in malattie neurologiche: quello dell'herpes simplex (HSV), il virus 40 (SV40) e l'adenovirus tipo 2 (Ad2). Non si è trovata omologia tra i DNA del materiale esaminato e il DNA virale. Sono stati allora comparati questi risultati negativi con quelli positivi di altri Autori riferendosi soprattutto alla possibilità di una ibridizzazione non specifica che può giustificare i risultati positivi riportati.

Questa ricerca negativa può essere interpretata sia come un'assenza di coinvolgimento dei tre virus investigati nella oncogenesi dei tumori cerebrali, sia come espressione di una disposizione delle sequenze virali nel genoma ospite con conseguente prevenzione della ibridizzazione, come è stato supposto avvenga durante le fasi di latenza del virus herpetico.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Médecine et Chirurgie Expérimentales et Comparées, Unité de Recherche en Neurobiologie Préclinique INSERM U318, Départment de Biophysique, Faculté de Médecine, Université Joseph Fourier de Grenoble, La Tronche, France

    Chauvin C., Remy C. & Benabid A. L.

  2. Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Canada

    Suh M.

  3. Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU de Grenoble, Les Sablons, 38700, La Tronche, France

    Benabid A. L.

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Chauvin, C., Suh, M., Remy, C. et al. Failure to detect viral genomic sequences of three viruses (herpes simplex, simian virus 40 and adenovirus) in human and rat brain tumors. Ital J Neuro Sci 11, 345–357 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02335937

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