Summary
Behavior of aluminum sheets during crack initiation and propagation is determined using a high-speed camera. The observed failure mode is considered in the light of limit design and predominant energy terms.
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Abbreviations
- A :
-
one-half plate width
- b :
-
dimensionless crack length (equalsC/A)
- C :
-
one-half crack length
- C 0 :
-
one-half initial crack length
- Ċ :
-
crack-propagation velocity
- \(\dot C_m \) :
-
maximum crack-propagation velocity
- D :
-
flexural rigidity {equals\(Eh^3 /[12(1 - v^2 )]\)}
- \(\dot D_e\) :
-
external work rate
- \(\dot D_is\) :
-
internal-energy dissipation rate
- e :
-
plastic-flow region
- E :
-
Young's modulus
- f :
-
cutout factor
- g :
-
acceleration due to gravity
- h :
-
plate thickness
- L :
-
one-half plate length
- P − :
-
lower bound on collapse load
- P + :
-
upper bound on collapse load
- P real :
-
actual collapse load
- \(\mathop P\limits^*\) :
-
crack-instability load
- S 1 :
-
one-half crack extension att
- S 2 :
-
vertical distance moved by loads att
- t :
-
arbitrary time
- V :
-
velocity of loads
- V 1 :
-
velocity of sound
- \(\dot V\) :
-
acceleration of loads
- v * :
-
volume
- \(\dot \in _x\),\(\dot \in _y\),\(\dot \tau _{xy}\) :
-
strain rates
- \(\dot \in _x ^p\),\(\dot \in _y ^p\),\(\dot \gamma _y ^p\) :
-
plastic-strain stress
- θ :
-
density
- σ :
-
stress
- σ cr :
-
critical stress
- σ 0 :
-
yield stress
References
Griffith, A. A., “The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids,”Trans. Royal Society (London), A,221,163–198 (1921).
Orowan, E., “Fundamentals of Brittle Behavior in Metals,” Contribution to a Conference on Fatigue and Fracture of Metals at MIT (1950).
Irwin, G., “Fracture Dynamics,” Fracturing of Metals, A.S.M., 147–166 (1948).
Drucker, D. C., “An Evaluation of Current Knowledge of the Mechanics of Brittle Fracture,” Ship Structure Committee Serial no. SSC-69 (1953).
Timoshenko, S. P., andGere, J. M., “Theory of Elastic Stability,”2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (1961).
Hodge, P. G., “Plastic Limit Analysis of Structures,”McGraw-Hill, New York (1959).
Garg, S. K., “An Investigation of Ductile Fracture,” M.S. Thesis, Univ. of Florida (1962).
Anderson, O. L., “The Griffith Criterion for Glass Fracture,” Fracture (Proc. Conference on Fracture at MIT), Editors: Averbach, Felbeck, Hahn and Thomas, John Wiley and Sons, 331–353 (1959).
Additional information
S. K. Garg was Research Fellow, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla., and J. E. Griffith was Associate Professor, North Carolina State College, Raleigh, N. C., at the time that this paper was prepared.
Paper was presented at 1963 SESA Annual Meeting held in Boston, Mass., on Nov. 6–8.
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Garg, S.K., Griffith, J.E. An investigation of ductile fracture. Experimental Mechanics 5, 326–331 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02327534
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02327534