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Effect of stress biaxiality on the high-strain fatigue behavior of an aluminum-copper alloy

In this investigation, thin-walled tubes are subjected to repeated internal pressure and to an end load which is in phase with, and a linear function of, the pressure

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Abstract

Although there is now a considerable volume of high-strain (<105 cycles) fatigue data for uniaxial tension-compression and simple-bending conditions, relatively little information is available regarding the effects of stress and strain biaxiality. A method which has been used to study the effects of biaxiality on longlife fatigue strength is to subject thin-walled tubes to repeated internal pressure and an end load which is in phase with, and a linear function of, the pressure. The object of the present research was to use this method to study the influence of stress biaxiality on the high-strain fatigue behavior of a high strength, aluminum-4% copper alloy at room temperature. From a continuum-mechanics point of view, this material is completely elastic after the first few load cycles. Cylinder results for hoop to axial stress ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 2: −1 suggest that fatigue failure of this material in the life range 103 to 105 cycles is primarily dependent on the maximum range of tensile stress. This conclusion and a study of fracture surfaces led to the use of linear-elastic fracture mechanics to interpret the fatigue and brittle fracture behavior of these cylinders.

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Abbreviations

a :

part-through thickness, crack depth

b :

part-through thickness, half-crack length

E :

Young's modulus

K 1 :

crack-tip stress-intensity factor (opening mode displacement)

K 1c :

fracture toughness

N :

cycles to failure

r,θ:

polar coordinates measured from crack tip

r p :

measure of plastic-zone size

Δ:

range of

ε:

total strain

∈1, ∈2, ∈3 :

principal strains

∈ p :

plastic strain

\(\bar \in \) :

equivalent total strain\(\sqrt {{\raise0.7ex\hbox{$2$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {2 3}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{$3$}}} [( \in _{1 } - \in _2 )^2 + ( \in _2 - \in _3 )^2 + ( \in _{3 } - \in _1 )^2 ]^{{\raise0.7ex\hbox{$1$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{$2$}}} \)

\(\bar \in _p \) :

equivalent plastic strain

σ:

normal stress

σ1, σ2, σ3 :

principal stresses

σy :

yield stress in tension

\(\bar \sigma \) :

generalized stress;\(\frac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }} [(\sigma _{1 } - \sigma _2 )^2 + (\sigma _2 - \sigma _3 )^2 + (\sigma _{3 } - \sigma _1 )^2 ]^{{\raise0.7ex\hbox{$1$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}\!\lower0.7ex\hbox{$2$}}} \)

Φo :

elliptic integral

1 ton:

2240 lb

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Author information

Author notes

  1. P. P. Benham (Reader in Mechanical Engineering)

    Present address: University of Waterloo, Ontario, Can.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Imperial College, London

    J. R. Crosby (Graduate student)

  2. University of Waterloo, Ontario, Can.

    D. J. Burns (Professor of Mechanical Engineering)

  3. Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland

    P. P. Benham (Reader in Mechanical Engineering)

Authors
  1. J. R. Crosby
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  2. D. J. Burns
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  3. P. P. Benham
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Crosby, J.R., Burns, D.J. & Benham, P.P. Effect of stress biaxiality on the high-strain fatigue behavior of an aluminum-copper alloy. Experimental Mechanics 9, 305–312 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02325136

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02325136

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