Abstract
The three-dimensional residual-stress condition of several martensitic stainless-steel sheets given various combinations of surface treatments was studied by an X-ray-diffraction method. The stress tensors in the near-surface region, approximately 12 micrometers (0.012 mm) deep, were calculated after obtaining the strain tensors through application of the differential method and an advanced X-ray-diffraction stress-measurement instrument. The advanced instrument collected the data in a few hours—a task that normally requires several days to a few weeks-and provided accuracies on the order of ±14 MPa (2 ksi). The surface treatments to the sheets included various combinations of mechanical polishing and vapor blastiing; all produced substantial compressive stresses in the plane and perpendicular to the surface. The mill-annealed specimen showed nearly zero residual stress prior to mechanical polish or vapor blasting. The resulting tensor-stress data were compared with data obtained through single-exposure-technique calculations which assume a plane-stress state on the surface.
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Ruud, C.O., Chen, P.C. Application of an advanced XRD instrument for surface stress-tensor measurements on steel sheets. Experimental Mechanics 25, 245–250 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02325093
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02325093