Skip to main content
Log in

Nonlinear factors in two dimensions

  • Published:
Psychometrika Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Intercorrelations among tests nonlinearly related to underlying dimensions require more linear factors than content would demand. For the case of two independent underlying content dimensions, a fictitious example is constructed and made to yield a transformation useful for the nonlinear analysis of certain empirical data. That transformation, when applied to a standard factorization (centroid or principal components if certain symmetries obtain) of the appropriate empirical correlations, yields parameters descriptive of plausible nonplanar regression surfaces for tests on the two underlying dimensions. An empirical example is presented and discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Carroll, J. B. The effect of difficulty and chance success on correlations between items or between tests.Psychometrika, 1945,10, 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dingman, H. F. The dependence of factorial analysis upon the correlation statistic. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Univ. Southern California, 1955.

  3. Ferguson, G. A. The factorial interpretation of test difficulty.Psychometrika, 1941,6, 323–329.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gibson, W. A. Non-linear factor analysis, single factor case.Amer. Psychologist, 1955,10, 438. (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Gibson, W. A. Three multivariate models: factor analysis, latent structure analysis, and latent profile analysis.Psychometrika, 1959,24, 229–252.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Green, B. F. A general solution for the latent class model of latent structure analysis.Psychometrika, 1951,16, 151–166.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Green, B. F. The orthogonal approximation of an oblique structure in factor analysis.Psychometrika, 1952,17, 429–440.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Guilford, J. P. The difficulty of a test and its factor composition.Psychometrika, 1941,6, 67–77.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Guilford, J. P. and Zimmerman, W. S. The Guilford-Zimmerman aptitude survey. Beverly Hills: Sheridan Supply Company, 1947.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lazarsfeld, P. F. The logical and mathematical foundation of latent structure analysis. In S. A. Stouffer, et al.,Measurement and prediction. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1950, Pp. 362–412.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Thurstone, L. L.Multiple-factor analysis. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press, 1947.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Wherry, R. J. and Gaylord, R. H. Factor pattern of test items and tests as a function of the correlation coefficient: content, difficulty, and constant error factors.Psychometrika, 1944,9, 237–244.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The opinions expressed are those of the author and are not to be construed as reflecting official Department of the Army policy.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gibson, W.A. Nonlinear factors in two dimensions. Psychometrika 25, 381–392 (1960). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289755

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289755

Keywords

Navigation