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An index of summer monsoon rainfall excess over India and its variability: 1871–1978

Ein Index für Exzesse des Regens im Sommer-Monsun über Indien und ihre Veränderlichkeit (1871–1978)

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Summary

To assess the excess in the activity of the summer monsoon (June to September) over India during the period 1871 to 1978, an index based on the percentage area with a specified percentage seasonal rainfall excess and termed as the Monsoon Excess Index (MEI) has been used. On examination of MEI series it is found that it is homogeneous and random and has a high variability. The distribution of MEI is positively skewed and Gamma probability model is observed to be a good fit to the series. Considering the year in which the MEI value exceeds the nineth decile, i.e. 35, of the Gamma distribution fitted to the MEI series, as year of large-scale excess over India, such years have been identified during the period 1871–1978. There are ten such years. These excess years are found to be randomly distributed in time.

Zusammenfassung

Zur Schätzung der Exzesse der Aktivität des Sommer-Monsuns (Juni–September) über Indien in der Periode 1871–1978 wird ein auf den prozentuellen Flächenanteil mit in Prozenten angegebenem jahreszeitlichen Regenüberschuß basierender Index verwendet; der als Monsun-Exzess-Index (MEI) gezeichnet wird. Die Untersuchung der MEI-Reihe hat ergeben, daß diese homogen ist und eine große Veränderlichkeit aufweist. Die Häufigkeitsverteilung der MEI-Werte ist positiv schief und ein Gamma-Modell gibt eine gute Anpassung an die Reihe. Ein Jahr, in dem der MEI-Wert das neunte Dezil (d.i. 35) der der MEI-Reihe angepaßten Gamma-Verteilung überschreitet, wird als großräumiger Niederschlagsexzess über Indien betrachtet. In der Periode 1871–1978 wurden zehn solche Jahre festgestellt. Diese Exzeß-Jahre weisen eine zeitliche Zufallsverteilung auf.

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Mooley, D.A., Parthasarathy, B. & Sontakke, N.A. An index of summer monsoon rainfall excess over India and its variability: 1871–1978. Arch. Met. Geoph. Biocl., Ser. B 31, 301–311 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02278299

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