Abstract
The germination of sporangia inCoelomomyces psorophorae vartasmaniensis (C. p. tas.) is uncoordinated and thus there is a mixture of developmental stages in any given population. Continuous urografin gradients separated out the critical stages of germinating sporangia giving four bands, each band representing a consecutive stage of germination. These stages were investigated for changes in the sporangial wall using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The sporangia have a typical two-layered wall, an electron dense outer layer which can be divided into three distinct sub-layers D1, D2, and D3 and an inner electron transparent secondary wall. Stage 3 sporangia have an intact D1 layer on their outer wall. In the subsequent stages (4 & 4b) there is a progressive breakdown of this layer.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Muspratt J. OnCoelomomyces fungi causing high mortality ofAnopheles gambiae larvae in Rhodesia. Amer Trop Med Parasitol 1946; 40: 10–17.
Shemanchuk JA. Note onCoelomomyces psorophorae Couch, a fungus parasitic on mosquito larvae. The Canadian Entomologist 1959; 91: 743–744.
Umphlett CJ. Ecology ofCoelomomyces infections of mosquito larvae. The J of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 1968; 84: 109–114.
Umphlett CJ. Infection levels ofCoelomomyces punctatus on aquatic fungus parasite, in a natural population of the common malaria mosquito,Anopheles quadrimaculatus. J Invest Path 1969; 15: 299–305.
Couch JN, Bland CE. The genusCoelomomyces. eds. Couch JN, Bland CE: Academic Press incorporated, 1985.
Tenci SA. Environmental interactions and their influences on the regulation ofCoelomomyces psorophorae var.tasmaniensis Couch+Laird (1985) infection of mosquito and copepod hosts in nature (Coelomomycetaceae: Blastocladiales). PhD thesis, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Pillai JS, Smith JMB. Fungal pathogens of mosquitoes in New Zealand. I.Coelomomyces opifexi sp. n., on the mosquitoOpifex fuscus Hutton. J. Inv Path 1968; 11: 316–320.
Pillai JS. ACoelomomyces infection ofAedes australis in New Zealand. J Invert Path 1969; 14: 93–95.
Pillai JS.Coelomomyces opifexi (Pillai & Smith). Coelomomycetaceae: Blastocladiales I Its distribution and the ecology of infection pools in New Zealand. Hydrobiologia 1971; 38: 425–436.
Pillai JS, O'Loughlin IH.Coelomomyces opifexi (Pillai & Smith). Coelomomycetaceae: Blastocladiales II experiments in sporangial germination. Hydrobiologia 1972; 401: 77–86.
Pillai JS, Woo A.Coelomomyces opifexi (Pillai & Smith) Coelomomycetaceae: Blastocladiales III the laboratory infection ofAedes australis (Erichson) larvae. Hydrobiologia 1973; 41: 169–181.
Pillai JS, Wong TL, Dodgshun TJ. Copepods as essential hosts for the development of aCoelomomyces parasitizing mosquito larvae. J Med Entomol 1976; 13: 49–50.
Wong TL, Pillai JS.Coelomomyces opifexi Pillai and Smith (Coelomomycetaceae: Blastocladiales) IV Host range and relative susceptibility ofAedes australis andOpifexi fuscus larvae. NZ J Zool 1978; 5: 807–810.
Wong TL, Pillai JS.Coelomomyces opifexi Pillai and Smith (Coelomomycetaceae: Blastocladiales) VI Observations on th mode of entry intoAedes australis larvae. NZ J Zool 1980; 7: 135–139.
Whisler HC, Zebold SL, Shemanchuk JA. Life history ofCoelomomyces psorophorae. Proc nat Acad Sci USA 1975; 72: 693–696.
Olson LW, Eden UM. A glassbead treatment facilitating the fixation and infiltration of yeast and other refractory cells for electron microscopy. Protoplasm 1977; 91: 417–420.
Whisler HC, Wilson CM, Travland LB, Olson LW, Borkhards B, Aldrich J, Therrien CD, Zebold SI. Meiosis inCoelomomyces. Exp mycol 1983; 7: 319–327.
Reynolds ES. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy. J cell Biol 1963; 17: 208–212.
Tamir H, Gilvary C. Density gradient centrifugation for the separation of sporulating forms of bacteria. J Biol Chem 1966; 41: 1085–1090.
Wise J, Swanson A, Halvorson HO. Dipicolinic acid-less mutants ofBacillus cereus. J Bact 1967; 94: 2075–2076.
Milne R, Murphy D, Fast PG.Bacillus thuringiensis deltaendotoxin: an improved technique for the separation of crystals from spores. J Invert Pathol 1977; 29: 230–231.
Chilcott CN, Kalmakoff J, Pillai JS. Characterization of proteolytic activity associated withBacillus thuringiensis var.israelensis crystals. FEMS Microbiology Letters 1983; 18: 37–41.
Couch JN, Umphlett CJ.Coelomomyces infections In Steinhaus ED, ed Insect pathology. New York: Academic Press, 1963: 149–188.
Whisler HC, Shemanchuk JA, Travland LB. Germination of the resistant sporangia ofCoelomomyces psorophorae var.tasmaniensis. J of Invert Pathol 1972; 19: 139–147.
Martin WW. A morphological and cytological study of development inCoelomomyces punctatus parasitic inAnopheles quadrimaculatus. The J of the Elisha Mitchell Sci Soc 1969; 85: 59–72.
Powell MJ, Ultrastructural changes in the cell surface ofCoelomomyces punctatus infecting mosquito larvae. Can J Bot 1976; 54: 1419–1437.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Buchanan, F.C., Pillai, J.S. Coelomomyces psorophorae vartasmaniensis Couch+Laird (1988) (Coelomomycetaeceae: Blastocladiales), a fungal pathogen of the mosquitoAedes australis . Mycopathologia 111, 25–32 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02277297
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02277297